These three papers consider various models and mechanisms for the achievement of industrial standardization. The first, "Duopoly Compatibility Standards with Partial Cooperation and Standards Leadership" (Sanford V. Berg, University of Florida) presents a model of duopolists producing differentiated substitutes, and considers the…

Possible futures for the world of mainframe computers can be forecast through studies identifying forces of change and their impact on current trends. Some new prospects for the future have been generated by advances in information technology; for example, recent United States successes in applied artificial intelligence (AI) have created new…

One of the missions of the Research on Evaluation Program for 1983, is to increase the capacity of the Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory (NWREL) to provide regional services in the areas of evaluation, policy analysis, and especially cost analysis. To provide this service, the program needed specific information on regional service needs…

This report provides a distribution of research and development (R&D) programs by the functions of the federal budget. It includes only federal conduct of R&D programs, with R&D plant and all non-R&D activities excluded. The sections of the report are presented in descending order of R&D budget authority for the various…

The review describes the advance organizer technique and reviews the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of advance organizers with both normal students and students classified as handicapped. Examples of advance organizers include the expository advance organizer, the comparative advance organizer, the graphic advance organizer, and…

A study explored whether public relations practitioners in one-way environments (press agentry/publicity and public information) and in two-way environments (asymmetric and symmetric) have different general attitudes toward research and whether they use social science techniques differently. A mail survey of 200 randomly chosen public relations…

Discussed are three issues in early childhood education that have been addressed extensively by the research literature, namely: (1) the risks of early academic pressures on young children; (2) the importance of play in early childhood education; and (3) interaction as the context for early learning. Several reasons that child development and…

Social work, ideologically speaking, is a profession grounded in principles of integration and interaction. The principles are embedded in curriculum policies for acceditation. They span interdisciplinary information, person and environment, research and practice, practice and policy, and theory and practice. The values, knowledge, and skills…

A report is given of the problems and successes of an evaluation team engaged in examining a 9-year community research demonstration project. The project, the Stanford Heart Disease Prevention Program, was designed to develop effective health education programs and to institutionalize these programs through community organizations so that they are…

A study focused on the development of a research-based model of spelling instruction by synthesizing 20 instructional strategies from 144 empirical studies found in scholarly literature, in which spelling procedures were tested in controlled settings. In addition, the study investigated three research questions: (1) the extent to which elementary…

A dialogue describes the common mission of the College of Education and the Research and Development Center at the University of Texas at Austin. Their mission is away from segmentation towards inter-instructional cooperation, intra-institutional collaboration and the integration of research and practice. They are jointly committed to the…

Swedish research policy and organization, research areas, university research institutes, and international research and development (R&D) cooperation are discussed. Swedish research policy may be characterized as sectorized, decentralized, and pluralistic. The governmental bodies responsible for research direction include the Ministry of…

Scenario is intended to introduce readers to a possible new system of learning wherein each member of a community becomes a resource person. (GB)

Discusses the need for new mechanisms and institutions to cope with crises brought about by rapid societal change. (GB)

Describes a publication designed to serve as a statistical base from which various groups can develop policy recommendations on chemical manpower. This new series will be the first official effort by the society to compile, correlate, and present all data relevant to the economic status of chemists. (Author/GS)