Every year the purchase of unsuitable books for disadvantaged children wastes millions of dollars. The use of these unsuitable books results in extensive reading failure. In order to overcome this waste of money and human resources, book committees need to employ standards and methods of evaluation to identify books appropriate for disadvantaged…

The disagreement on terminology used to describe reading difficulties and to classify reading underachievers is illustrated. Some of the research findings on physical, intellectual, emotional, and educational factors which cause reading difficulty are described, with emphasis on replying to questions asked by parents and on clarifying some…

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate motivational aspects of adolescents' vocational behaviors. A motivational contributor to situations perceived as demanding excellence or success-failure is the anxiety level aroused by the success-failure cues in the situation. Subjects were 228 adolescents from grades nine through twelve in…

A resolution of the General Assembly of Virginia directed the State Council of Higher Education to study the volume and characteristics of freshman applicants and enrollees in the state-controlled institutions of higher education for the fall terms of 1966 and 1967. This document, consisting mainly of 203 tables, contains the results of this…

A compilation of selected research on students in higher education is presented along with a review of two studies on personality and demographic characteristics of junior college students. The personality study was designed to identify potential dropouts, and the demographic study was used to measure heterogeneity and homogeneity among junior…

These conference proceedings report the discussions of classroom teachers and university professors relating to the problems of teaching disadvantaged students. Topics treated were the inadequacies of teacher training, need for self-analysis during training, teaching of reading, grouping students for instruction, and the relation of the schools to…

The document consists of two sections. The first is a seven-page audit report which sought to establish whether the project evaluators' methods, data, and conclusions were valid. The overall design of the evaluation was found to be adequate for documenting progress toward the objectives, and the format was well-chosen. However, the auditors felt…

The Initial Teaching Alphabet (i.t.a.), devised by Sir James Pitman as a simplified alphabet for beginning readers, consists of 44 characters plus a set of rules for standard spellings of English words using these characters. The characters and rules are designed to ensure easy transition from i.t.a. to traditional orthography (T.O.). In September…

This report, after thoroughly surveying the literature on anxiety, acceptance, and achievement, focuses on the relationship between a child's anxiety, peer acceptance, reading level, and overall school achievement as part of child development. Eight seventh-grade classes served as subjects for the study which examined such variables as age, sex,…

The investigation reported in this volume attempts to clarify some issues relating to the existence, nature, and causes of specific dyslexia. Based on an extended study of 98 boys of at least average intelligence with severe reading and spelling problems, the report provides detailed data relating to their developmental and perinatal histories,…

The "Right to Read" goal set by James E. Allen, Jr., former United States Commissioner of Education, is evaluated through a series of interviews with 25 leading authorities in reading. Allen's address is included in its entirety. The comments of the reading authorities, who often disagree among themselves, reflect the impact that the…

Factors surrounding needs and obstacles in Swedish adult education are studied. Homogenous and heterogenous groups with varying degrees of interest in participation were chosen for the study. A survey of the literature concerning participation in adult education was made. As part of this study, notice was made of the participation in adult…

In this research competition is examined conceptually in order to develop a functional definition that will facilitate systematic research on the process. Competitive behavior is defined as behavior that is a positive function of a comparison of the results of one person's behavior with the results of another's behavior. Comparisons, in turn, can…

A cognitive explanation of achievement-related behavior is developed. It is suggested that high and low achievers diverge behaviorally in the achievement situation because they conceptualize the causes of success and failure in different ways. The results of a study are presented which show that subjects high in achievement needs tend to attribute…

THIS INVESTIGATION STUDIED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN READING ACHIEVEMENT AND MORAL REALISM IN 7- TO 12-YEAR-OLD BOYS. INTRAGROUP TRENDS AND INTERGROUP DIFFERENCES IN MORAL REALISM AMONG RETARDED AND SUCCESSFUL READERS WERE COMPARED AND EVALUATED. A HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS AND A VERTICAL ANALYSIS WERE PERFORMED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE PRESENCE OF A…