Understanding individual differences in cognitive performance is an important part of understanding how variations in underlying cognitive processes can result in variations in task performance. However, the exploration of individual differences in the components of the decision process--such as cognitive processing speed, response caution, and…

In this paper we compare the newly developed pseudo-equivalent groups (PEG) linking method with the linking methods based on the traditional nonequivalent groups with anchor test (NEAT) design and illustrate how to use the PEG methods under imperfect equating conditions. To do this, we proposed a new method that combines the features of PEG…

Recent work by a number of researchers has argued that the capacity for mathematical thinking is innate to human intelligence. Much of the evidence for this conclusion is based on findings in fields as diverse as linguistics, genetics, evolution, archaeology, psychology, and philosophy. This paper argues that the genealogy for this development is…

This study aims to ensure that wall-assisted exercises are among the primary exercises for visually impaired individuals, to observe the effect of these exercises on balance and walking abilities, be able to make efficient progress in a short period of time, to support these individuals' self-confidence and ability to act independently and to…

The National Eye Institute (2015) reports that by the year 2050, the number of individuals with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) will rise from 2.07 million to 5.44 million. AMD causes central vision loss, which can affect independence in activities such as medication management, meal preparation, and personal finances (Smallfield, Clem…

Implicit up/down words, such as "bird" and "foot", systematically influence performance on visual tasks involving immediately following targets in compatible versus incompatible locations. Recent studies have observed that the semantic relation between prime words and target pictures can strongly influence the size and even the…

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the type and accuracy of the visual representations that the pre-service teachers generate in the pedagogical solution of the word problems. The data on participants' spatial competence levels were obtained through Purdue Spatial Visualization Test and the data on the type of visual representations were…

Spatial ability is one of the most important key points for technical professions such as architects and engineers and is directly related with the success in educational and professional business life. In this regard, "Techniques of Architectural Presentation", a first semester architectural department course at Gebze Technical…

Facilitating a more responsive style of teaching in primary mathematics has implications for not only teaching practice, but also for how we plan for our learners. Grouping decisions, task selection and teacher confidence in mathematical content are important considerations when developing inquiring mathematical communities. This article…

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between the main components of role play, according to Vygotsky (object substitution, idea of play, play interaction), and executive functions (working memory, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, planning) in preschool age. The study involved 56 children, 5 to 6 years old (29 boys and 27…

There has been increasing concern about the presence of disengaged test taking in international assessment programmes and its implications for the validity of inferences made regarding a country's level of educational attainment. This issue has received a growing research interest over the past 20 years, with notable advances in both the…

This design research investigated the mathematical practices that eight graders (14-year-old students) developed when learning about prisms, cylinders, and their surface areas. An inquiry-based learning environment was created for students to engage in argumentation. The instruction was enriched by use of a dynamic geometry software, namely…

This paper examines whether scientific reasoning skills predict people's susceptibility to epistemically suspect beliefs and cognitive biases. We used the recently developed Scientific Reasoning Scale (SRS) because it measures the ability to read and evaluate scientific evidence. Alongside the SRS, 317 participants aged 18-30 years completed…

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of training career path skills based on Super's Development Theory on students' academic self-concept. The study is a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of University of Isfahan year 2018. Using…

The purpose of this ethnographic case study was to explore the musical ability beliefs and musical self-concepts among eight fourth-grade students whose music teacher believed in universal human musicality--the idea that all human beings have the potential to be musical and can become competent music makers. Data collection lasted 12 weeks and…