In 1899, the Committee of Ten on Drawing, organized by the National Education Association, proposed that one of the main goals of art education should be "to offer a consistent development in the faculty of sight." Art appreciation was centered on the literal translation of the painting. Importance was placed on connecting the painter's…

American educational policy is based on three preeminent values: equity, efficiency, and choice. The problem is that these values are often antithetical: an emphasis on one deemphasizes the others. Coming to an acceptable balance among all three values is therefore the essence of public policymaking. Accordingly, this paper takes one of these…

This kindergarten curriculum guide for Philadelphia public schools has as its overall goals the development of: (1) competence in reading, writing, speaking, listening, mathematics, science, reasoning, life skills, social studies, the arts, and physical and health education; (2) citizenship skills; (3) career preparation skills; and (4) human…

Over a 14-month period, infants who were initially 10 months old were intermittently allowed to play with three sets of graduated objects presented in disarray. All of the infants acquired the ability to completely organize the materials. The infants exhibited patterned behavior in their organizing practices when they individualized objects by…

Documenting a cumulative attack on the freedom to learn, which strikes at the heart of public education, this report describes how censorship has grown since 1982, highlighting trends that have emerged over five years, the actors, the challenges, and the results. Following an introduction, the report documents the state of censorship for…

The International League of Societies for Persons with Mental Handicap (ILSMH) has developed a program of partnership between member countries with varying needs and resources in order to create a better life for handicapped people throughout the world. Part I of the Partnership Guidelines contains, first, a summary of issues relevant to the…

Summary findings are presented on research about the impact of college in order to identify key issues related to understanding the lives of individual students. Five perspectives are offered: Bowen's outcomes and goals; Feldman and Newcomb's student personality, values, and beliefs; Pace's achievement testing; Astin's longitudinal studies; and…

Although research in nonverbal communication is in its seventh decade, the origins of individual differences in nonverbl sensitivity remain. To investigate the relationship between family norms of emotional expression and nonverbal communication, 64 college students completed the Family Expressiveness Questionnaire, were videotaped while…

The development of social cognitions about classroom life and their potential influence on children's classroom behavior were studied. Each of 360 first and fifth grade children from schools in middle class and working class neighborhoods were interviewed using booklets illustrating classroom behavior. The results indicated that children do…

Beginning with a brief critique of the behavioral science approach to educational administration, this paper traces the roots of an alternative perspective through examination of the new sociology of education and critical social theory. Arguing then for the location of a critical practice of educational administration in a cultural analysis of…

Teacher preparation programs that separate reflection from action encourage teachers to facilitate school norms and thus help schools function to reproduce social inequalities, while programs that link reflection and action encourage teachers to adopt a more critical role and thus help schools function to transform social inequalities.…

Although several surveys of attitudes toward computers have been conducted, little is known about attitudes toward specific computer applications. College students (N=203) were surveyed about their attitudes toward computer applications. Results indicated that there are three clusters of computer applications about which respondents hold similar…

As socially supported institutions, schools must take their share of the responsibility for developing a comprehensive curriculum about family life and sexuality education. Schools have the opportunity to integrate sound sexual information, understanding of attitudes, and the development of knowledge related to sexual matters along with…

A theoretical framework is presented to investigate the interactions of certain motivational factors with test-wiseness. Test performance is a function of two independent elements: the cognitive learning in the classroom situation and the test-wiseness in the testing situation. These situations are associated with independent sets of affective…

There has been for over a century a movement for the humanization of work. The movement's two branches--a European one emphasizing worker alienation and structural change and a North American one emphasizing job enrichment--have converged somewhat as the concept of "quality of work life" (QWL) has emerged in the 1970's. Business concepts…