Indicates that individualism-collectivism is related systematically to perceptions of communication in ingroup relationships, but its relationship to perceptions of communication on outgroup relationships is more complicated--a distinction between contextual and simple collectivism must be drawn. (NKA)

Data suggest that strategies of infant care at any one point in time may reflect not just one but all three concerns (for physical well-being, economic feasibility, and cultural ideologies) itemized in LeVine's (1974) hierarchy. Child care strategies that serve multiple goals have the best chance of surviving when environmental circumstances…

Investigates distinctions between the theories of Harold Innis, Marshall McLuhan, and Marx by considering some unresolved problems in how Innis conceptualizes both the historical process and the impact of media on social organization. Argues that certain fundamental notions in Innis' work inaccurately analyze key features of the historical…

An in-depth interview format was used to explore gender and age differences in friendship patterns. Groups described friendship in superficially similar ways. However, in the taped interviews, large gender differences appeared that followed conceptually along instrumental/expressive dimensions. Age differences also appeared. (Author/ABB)

Directives, social conversation, on-task play, and positive, negative, nonsense, and task-related verbalizations of preschool-aged and school-aged peer dyads were observed in a laboratory playroom in the presence or absence of observers. Results revealed that the frequency of all of the behaviors sampled, except positive verbalizations, decreased…

Compares social and private uses of language in 12 children 23 to 25 months of age. Based on videotapes of children's free play with an adult, results showed that regulatory, attentional, and informative uses of language appeared in speech addressed to another, while self-regulation, description of one's own activity, and expressive functions…

In a study of the relationship between third graders' social skill behaviors and peer judgments, children assessing videotaped vignettes in which female peers exhibited different social skills and deficits responded more favorably to socially skilled girls. Furthermore, gender apparently influenced children's sociometric and attractiveness ratings…

Examined the generalizability of the sociability aspect of extraversion-introversion dimension as measured by Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire (1975) in Israeli students (N=900). Results indicated that dissemblances between extraverts and introverts exist in the desire for company and in the overall desire to associate with strangers, where…

A transcript-narrative analysis technique was used to identify interpersonal negotiation strategies of two nine-year-old boys selected from a pool of children with socioemotional and interpersonal difficulties. Strategies were classified according to four developmental levels: impulsive/physical, unilateral/coercive, reciprocal/influential, and…

Investigated the relationship between loneliness and patterns of attachment in 47 college students. Results revealed a moderate to strong relationship between feeling lonely and early disrupted attachment, consistent with the notion that underlying attachment disorders may affect psychological development and social behavior. (JAC)

The present study was designed to investigate the role of self-presentation in inequity reduction. (Author)

To determine whether the reduction of retaliatory behavior by knowledge of mitigating circumstances is due to less motivation to retaliate or to an inhibition of motivated retaliation, subjects were provoked by a rude experimenter and informed of mitigating conditions. (Editor)

The present investigation seeks to establish that the hostility-reducing effect of mitigating circumstances, which has been observed under conditions of moderate arousal, will be lessened if not entirely removed under conditions of rather extreme arousal. (Author)

The results of this study of 168 first year university students are consistent with the literature and emphasized the strong motivating factor of social norms. Four characteristics of recyclers are identified using a 23-item measurement instrument--sorting, location, importance and social norms--which account for 29.7%, 14.0%, 8.9% and 7.1% of the…

This study developed a classification model for matching appropriate psychoeducational interventions with specific groups of adolescent sexual offenders. Participants were male juvenile sex offenders incarcerated as wards in the Continuum of Care Sex Offender Treatment Program of the California Department of Corrections. The treatment provided…