Results indicated that the normal achievers learned more effectively under person and performance reinforcement than under tangible reinforcement, whereas the reverse was true for low achievers. (Author)

Educational problems in disadvantaged schools are attributed to students' culturally deprived early childhood social environments, rather than to inadequacies of teachers. (MF)

This is a brief description of a successful small scale team approach to helping failing students. Success is attributed to providing low achievers with special attention, and high achievers with a creative outlet for their intellectual energies. (CJ)

Report on questionnaires sent to 200 leading mathematics educators in the country asking their opinion on what mathematics should be taught to low achievers in the junior high school. Results tend to confirm the existence of widely conflicting views on what mathematics is most appropriate for low achievers. (RP)

Education in United States society reflects the evolution from an assimilationist melting pot concept toward one of cultural pluralism. The needs assessment process is a vehicle for gathering information and for initiating multicultural education. (JN)

Possible distortions in standardized test scores due to guessing, particularly in inner-city situations, are examined. A procedure is presented for estimating true knowledge levels from test scores. Results show scores are overstatements of subject mastery which means many programs are being planned and evaluated using inaccurate data. (Author/DWH)

This study examines the accuracy of kindergarten through third-grade children's perceptions of their own relative ability. Also tested is the hypothesis that children's ratings of classmates' ability are based on actual performance at an earlier age than are ratings of their own ability. (Author/GK)

Writing samples were analyzed for syntactic maturity, productivity and word selection; for conventions such as tense and number markers and number agreement; and for spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. Only spelling performance proved significantly different in favor of low achievers. (Author)

Low achievement in school is often a result of poor reading skills. These authors outline an alternate, nonreading curriculum that emphasizes content, not skill. (Author/JM)

This study of male and female high school athletes supports the contention that males, but not females, who participate heavily in athletics do not develop the academic skills necessary for later success in college. (PBS)

Offers a model of students' composing process based on students' composition diaries, and suggests why student writing often falls short of instructors' expectations. (DD)

Educators wishing to help low-achieving children must discard the concept of learning disabilities entirely and adopt a new way of thinking about children's learning problems. Learning-disabilities specialists should become learning specialists who understand the cognitive processes typically involved in acquiring academic skills, ways the…