This paper outlines the possibilities for scientific inquiry into the design of the university organization structure. In a theoretical context, bureaucratic management techniques were not refined enough to apply to university structures until the mid-twentieth century. Universities today are bureaucracies in that they have a formal division of…

Goal-setting has been accepted as an effective motivational tool. Whether goals should be participatively set or assigned was examined by holding goal difficulty constant in an investigation based on previous results which suggested that participants in goal-setting set more difficult goals than those for whom goals are assigned. Results suggest…

After presenting a brief discussion of the history and use of Computer Managed Instruction (CMI), the author describes the development and evaluation of a CMI system in the Madison Metropolitan School District (Wisconsin). Variables considered in the evaluation included efficiency of the software components, quality of instruction, and changes and…

A procedure for determining the effectiveness of counseling programs is suggested in this monograph. Since the procedure is systematic and two-pronged--process and outcome evaluation--it provides information as to the degree of program effectiveness and/or ineffectiveness. A self-correcting system, the procedure's progressive steps illuminate…

The goals and output evaluation to aid in the effective allocation of scarce resources at the University of Leeds (in Britain) is the focus of the book. The first chapter describes the purpose of the book, defines the terms effectiveness and efficiency, and presents the theoretical background of the study. The following goals and performance…

Context and input measures offer potential for vocational education program evaluation. Problems of measurement in context evaluation are primarily related to decisions on the appropriateness of data and how data should be interpreted. When program goals have been established, input evaluation is used to determine how available resources can be…

The dangers in abstract management within the university setting are described and considered in terms of the development of techniques that would enable the university to fully comprehend the content of its activities. The "Report on Unit Activities" at the Catholic University of Louvain is reviewed, dealing with the two-yearly…

The Essex County College Learning Resources Center was established within a two-month period in 1968, allowing no time to train personnel, develop procedures, or do organized planning. Consequently, the Director developed a tight central leadership and decision-making system. It was decided that the organization needed a management system that…

Three systems of appraisal of employees are described with reference to major characteristics and the most appropriate application context. The first system, the developmental action program, is designed to be utilized on a job allowing the employee considerable discretion in reaching the job's objectives, and perhaps some autonomy in establishing…

Behavioral objectives are components of problem-solving and evaluation systems, and of decision-making strategies. Sound objectives meet the criteria of being formulated by those expected to achieve them, are explicit and forward-looking, are consistent with other goals within the organization, are set within the context of a particular…

The assumptions of management by objectives (MBO) are self-fulfilling; defining and treating the college as a system imposes systemic properties, which require managing. Since most research evaluations of MBO utilize neither longitudinal studies nor appropriate experimental controls, they are of questionable validity. MBO can be dehumanizing, and…

Describes a positive seven-step process for initiating a whole organization development (WOD) effort. Steps include clarification of whole organization objectives, data gathering, diagnosis, prescribing interventions, commitment, implementation, and progress review. (CSS)

Based on statistics that show that the number of white-collar people (or knowledge workers) will expand over 60 percent in the next decade, the author offers a wide range of suggestions on how business can more efficiently employ and manage this new breed of worker. (Editor/TA)

Describes how to improve an existing orientation program for nurses or implement a new one by utilizing Management by Objectives (MBO) principles. First, covers how to identify, prioritize, and classify managerial objectives. Then discusses how program effectiveness is insured. Last, discusses three important conditions for successful program…

Describes briefly the objectives, problem-oriented educational process, 4-phase curriculum, and resources of a new 3-year School of Clinical Medicine, part of a decentralized and regionalized scheme of medical education designed to improve geographic distribution of graduates, increase incentive to enter primary care specialties, and assure…