When created and operated appropriately, school-site councils can be a very useful component of school renewal. Councils are difficult to create, since members must shift roles, compromise strongly held beliefs, and invest considerable time, energy, and know-how. Advantages of group decision making are bringing diverse experience and expertise to…

This facilitator's manual, together with the SkillScan deck of cards for career counseling, uses proven concepts, techniques, and exercises to help counselors and trainers help clients do the following: (1) develop career options based on skills; (2) evaluate career change opportunities to optimize their skills and interests; and (3) prepare…

The premise of this article is that there is no such thing as a value free education; that values appear in each public school's goals, curriculum, and activities as well as in the requirements set by the state. And it is the local school board that defines the goals and adopts the policies that reflect the values each community wants to transmit…

This annotated bibliography includes 438 selected references to books, journal articles, essays within edited volumes, and dissertations that provide significant information about peaceful societies. Peaceful societies are groups that have developed harmonious social structures that allow them to get along with each other, and with outsiders,…

The concept of school culture offers principals and other leaders a broader framework for understanding problems and relationships within the school. School culture can be defined as the historically transmitted patterns of meaning that include the norms, values, beliefs, and myths understood by members of the school community. Researchers have…

This bibliography compiles annotations of 178 books, journal articles, ERIC documents, and dissertations on Appalachian women and their social, cultural, and economic environment. Entries were published 1966-93 and are listed in the following categories: (1) authors and literary criticism; (2) bibliographies and resource guides; (3) economics,…

For the past 25 years, the Gallup Organization and Phi Delta Kappa (PDK), a national fraternity of educators, have conducted an annual poll of opinion on education and educational issues in the United States. This report presents findings of the poll, which was adapted for and conducted in North Carolina in 1993. Data were collected through…

To help administrators understand the organizational, social, and ideological forces impeding their efforts to empower teachers, this paper provides three critiques of teacher empowerment proposals from functionalist, structural Marxist, and poststructural perspectives. Although the 1980s reform reports promote a type of empowerment that accords…

A study explored alternative ways of collecting data on cultural values as expressed in speech behaviors. It investigated perceptions of the use of compliments in American English interactions by five Japanese and five American women. Methods of data collection included, first, a questionnaire and then for comparison, interviews using items from…

This document is the first in a series of surveys of U.S. youth on issues related to career planning and preparation, the image of business in society, and economic values. For comparative purposes, this study was conducted among U.S. and Japanese students. Specifically, the survey measured public opinion and behavior in the following areas: the…

Democratization of education refers to a process that allows decision-making based on alternatives, guided by the conviction that equity, equality, solidarity, freedom and justice are the essential universal values of mankind. This study examines these criteria in the context of reform strategies in the areas of educational planning and practice.…

This 3-year longitudinal study was conducted in order to help students, enrolled in a graduate level teacher certification program designed for career change individuals, clarify their beliefs and perspectives about teaching and develop skills in reflective analysis. The study used perspectives including attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors,…

When teaching moral education, the ethical dilemma often faced by educators revolves around the question of whose morals should be taught. Judicious Discipline, a constitutional model for classroom management, proposes to answer this question by offering educators the opportunity to teach the moral standards of the U.S. democratic system of…

This paper discusses economic, social, and political trends and values/beliefs that will affect the quality of life of persons with developmental disabilities and their families to the year 2000. The paper describes four plausible future scenarios: "America Revitalized"; "Post-Industrial Reformation"; "The Stressed Society"; and "The…

This 1984 report by the National Association of Secondary School Principals is based on a survey of 1,500 students from grades 7 through 12 selected by means of a probability sample by National Family Opinions, Inc. The report compares today's students with those surveyed in a similar study in 1974. Chapter 1, "Students and Their Schools,"…