Educators and researchers have long sought to understand--and illuminate--factors outside of school that shape students' educational outcomes. In 2019, the Research Alliance published a policy brief ("Aggressive Policing and Academic Outcomes: Examining the Impact of Police "Surges" in NYC Students' Home Neighborhoods,"…

Despite recognized gains in student achievement in the United States, the achievement gap between economically disadvantaged students and non-economically disadvantaged students expands. Understanding the larger context of student learning is incumbent upon school leaders who must consider the impact of socioeconomic status, residency, and social…

The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of a summer learning loss prevention program that is designed to improve the academic achievement gap. The target population for this research study was participants of the Power Scholars Academy (PSA) program. PSA is a collaboration of BellXcel, local school districts, and community organizations.…

For decades, the achievement gap has remained a critical issue in education that educational leaders have attempted to address. Recent research studies have indicated that collective teacher efficacy is three times more effective in increasing student achievement than other factors. Research also suggests that strong instructional leadership…

It has been over 50 years since desegregation efforts began and many public-school systems in the United States are still battling with performance gaps between White and historically underrepresented students. The term historically underrepresented refers to people from diverse racial, cultural, linguistic, and economically disadvantaged…

The problem addressed in this study was high school students delaying their entrance into a General Education Development (GED) program after dropping out of high school in the United States. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to describe high school dropouts' perceptions of what circumstances delay their enrollment into a GED…

School systems across the country, like those in Oregon, continually attempt to improve their students' academic outcomes. Unfortunately, these costly efforts often fail to create lasting change. One factor in many of these failed improvement efforts is the lack of successfully implementing research-based practices (RBPs) at state and local…

Military-connected children are a unique population that face specific challenges such as behavioral and academic challenges and teachers should have specific professional development to address these needs. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate how the lack of in-service professional development influences teachers' perceptions…

Emerging research has demonstrated high food insecurity rates among college students in the United States (US). The goal of this dissertation is to expand upon the literature evaluating food insecurity on college campuses to improve relief efforts. A literature review and mixed methods were used to measure and compare food insecurity prevalence…

Federal accountability policy mandates that states administer standardized tests beginning in third grade. In turn, third-grade test scores are often viewed as a key indicator in policy and practice. Yet literacy struggles begin well before third grade, as do racial and socioeconomic disparities in children's literacy skills. Kindergarten…

The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted schooling, not only in South Africa, but globally. In the study reported on here we investigated the perceived psychosocial effects of the pandemic on the teaching realities of Foundation Phase (FP) educators in rural quintiles 1 to 3 schools in the North West province, South Africa. A qualitative, case…

This transcendental phenomenological study examined the factors that led to the successes of Latino males' persistence in obtaining their bachelor's degree. Through the lens of participants' lived experiences, first-generation Latino males unpack their experiences and describe how those experiences impacted their academic achievement to graduate…

Inequity in public education has remained constant throughout history with disadvantaged students being left behind. The obstacles faced by minority students often cause them to lag behind their White counterparts in a persistent decline that leads to lower academic achievement. The problem addressed in this study was lower academic achievement in…

Relationships matter in the classroom. The connections elementary school teachers build with their students throughout the school year can affect learners as they move to secondary education. African American boys in third through fifth grade receive discipline consequences that remove them from classroom instruction, negatively impacting success…

Disparities across race, gender, and class are important targets of descriptive research. But rather than only describe disparities, research would ideally inform interventions to close those gaps. The gap-closing estimand quantifies how much a gap (e.g., incomes by race) would close if we intervened to equalize a treatment (e.g., access to…