Filled with classroom-tested, practical guidance, this book addresses common questions faced in every school by those seeking to improve reading. It offers a clear, evidence-informed approach that maximises the chances of all children becoming capable, confident readers. (1) Explore how to lay the foundations for reading development; (2) Learn…

Do children with better reading competence read more, or do avid readers increase their reading competence? This highly relevant question has been discussed for many years, yet conclusive results are rare. Previous studies suffer from small sample sizes or omitted variable bias, rendering their findings questionable. We provide new insight using…

Preschool children considered at risk for future reading difficulties experience unique and complex combinations of risk factors. In this exploratory study, we used latent profile analysis (LPA) to investigate the underlying classifications of children identified as at-risk for reading difficulties (N = 281) along selected cognitive,…

Reading comprehension is necessary among pupils as it is the foundational skills for the overall academic success of elementary learners, particularly Grade 4 pupils. It is the ability to understand and engage with text passages which is critical for a lifelong learning and a foundation for education. Nonetheless, many pupils are struggling with…

Background/Context: While the science of reading reforms are framed through the lens of equity, emphasizing every child's right to learn to read, they rarely address the complexities of equity in education. Also, despite the impact of neuroscience on the science of reading reforms, little research critically investigates how teachers understand…

In "Leveled Reading, Leveled Lives," leading literacy expert Timothy Shanahan curates a lively tour of the history of reading instruction in the United States, arguing that the most popular reading instruction method is failing students and suppressing their literacy achievement. He breaks down the reasons why teachers and researchers…

Individual differences in working memory (WM) influence reading skills. We aim to identify how different domains of WM explain reading performance, and how this association changes with age and reading expertise. Hungarian children from first to sixth grade took part in our study. The decoding skills of all children were assessed with 1-min word…

Reading provides college students with vital assistance in their efforts to expand their knowledge base. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted reading tools have been developed with the aim of improving students' reading efficiency and reading experience. However, the acceptance of such tools and relevant influencing factors remain unknown. This…

The current study used the network meta-analysis to investigate the effects of early reading interventions with different combinations of phonological processing, decoding, fluency, vocabulary, and reading comprehension among students with reading difficulties (RD) in or before Grade 3. We aimed to test two reading intervention hypotheses: The…

Improving reading outcomes for students with reading disabilities/difficulties (RD) has been commonly studied relative to 'what' a reading intervention entails. Here, we offer a broader perspective on 'when' we implement reading services to improve our interpretation of reading progress. We address several aspects related to timeframes (i.e.,…

Decades of research offer important understandings about the nature of comprehension and its development. Drawing on both classic and contemporary research, in this article, we identify some key understandings about reading comprehension processes and instruction, including these: Comprehension instruction should begin early, teaching word-reading…

Teachers who are successful at teaching both the skill and the love of reading provide a foundation for lifetime reading. All too often, building motivation for reading is neglected in reading instruction and classrooms. Nine teachers were trained in seven motivational principles and then invited to make an implementation plan using as many of the…

The eyes cannot lie. Eye movements are biological data that reveal information about the reader's attention and cognitive processes. This article summarizes the century-old eye movement research to elucidate reading comprehension performances and more importantly, their implications for reading instruction. This review paper addresses three…

In this article, we contend that in media stories on the science of reading, journalists have relied on strategic metaphorical framing to present reading education as a public crisis with a narrow and settled solution. Drawing on data from a critical metaphor analysis of 37 media stories, we demonstrate how frames used in recent media reporting…

Many students struggle to acquire adequate reading comprehension and writing skills. Although word recognition and spelling are needed to fully actualize these skills, the oral language aspects of reading and writing can be taught and practiced without text. Oral storytelling is good for all students, but it may be essential for students with…