Describes occupations involved with safety and health including safety professionals, industrial hygienists, health and regulatory inspectors, public health microbiologists, ecologists, pollution control engineers, health physicists, and ergonomists. (JOW)

Assessed trends in HIV risk behaviors among New York City injection drug users from 1990-97. Interviews at a drug detoxification program and a research storefront in a high drug-use area showed continuing risk reduction among users that indicated a declining phase in the large HIV epidemic in New York City. HIV prevention programs appeared to be…

Examines frequency, costs, and quality of life losses associated with unintentional childhood injuries in 1996, using analyses of national and state data sets. Summarizes the cost effectiveness of several child safety measures and discusses current federal funding patterns for health care research on the subject. An appendix presents methods of…

Reviews measures of dental health in children and the evidence on child dental health. Although children's dental health has improved over the past two decades, many poor children do not receive necessary dental health services, and reasons for this failure are summarized. (SLD)

Occupational health nurses (n=18) in the National Health Service in Britain participated in a nominal group to identify issues and educational needs. Findings indicated a need for management skills and legal/legislative knowledge, evidence-based approaches, and sharing of expertise. Incremental continuing education was recommended. (Contains 33…

Offers practice models for community-based nursing and community health nursing that demonstrate the different roles, philosophies, and activities of the two approaches. Points to curriculum changes that are needed to prepare students to practice in an increasingly community-oriented health care industry. (Author)

Research indicates prevalence of mental disorders has increased longitudinally from late childhood into young adulthood. For this study, mental health data were gathered at ages 11, 13, 15, 18, and 21 in an epidemiological sample using standardized diagnostic assessment. Findings suggest treatment resources need to target the young adult sector of…

Discusses the need to promote health literacy. Such efforts can be achieved through more personal forms of communication and through community-based educational outreach. (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse for ESL Literacy Education) (Author/VWL)

Finds that 175 individuals in seven hunter safety classes exposed to a gun safety video intervention listed significantly more gun safety practices, perceived greater susceptibility to accidental gun injuries, perceived gun injuries to be more severe, and perceived greater response efficacy toward some of the recommended gun safety practices.…

Discusses physical activity and exercise adherence, describing five conundrums that retard advances in knowledge about causal determinants of physical activity and successful interventions that increase physical activity and exercise adherence: adoption versus maintenance; social marketing versus product marketing; mediators of physical activity;…

Describes an initiative designed to help public health managers in Ontario, Canada, improve their knowledge and skills in program evaluation. The initiative involved the development of a self-directed Program Evaluation Tool Kit and an accompanying workshop. Lists five principles of the tool kit. (SLD)

This Surgeon General's Call to Action emphasizes the need to promote sexual health and responsible sexual behavior throughout the lifespan, discussing the public health approach to this issue, the current public health problem with sexually transmitted diseases, risk and protective factors for sexual health, evidence-based intervention models, the…

Public interest in domestic violence waxes and wanes with the headlines. This article describes how libraries can play an important--and even lifesaving--role in empowering abused women, providing useful resources for shelters and other agencies, and enlightening students and the general public about domestic violence.

Diets high in fat and calories and low in calcium, may not only be putting African-American children at risk for obesity, but can make them prone to a common bone disease associated with adults at mid-life. If children and adolescents don't receive adequate amounts of calcium when their bones are still forming, the chances of them getting…

An estimated 110 million children between the ages of 6 and 11--60 percent of them girls--will not see the inside of a classroom this year, and another 150 million are likely to drop out before completing primary school. Yet this is a disease with a known cure. We know what tools are needed and what models are proven to work. We also know that the…