This study examined the longitudinal evolution of 3 to 5 year old children's level of engagement in Quebec's early childcare centres. A latent transition analysis was conducted on child engagement measured by the inCLASS. Results revealed three engagement profiles at ages 3 and 5: (1) low engagement profile; (2) low- medium engagement profile; (3)…

Previous research has shown that three comparison types are involved in the formation of students' academic self-concepts: social comparisons (where students compare their achievement with their classmates), dimensional comparisons (where students compare their achievement in different subjects), and temporal comparisons (where students compare…

In this article, we draw on teacher surveys and interviews to explore elementary teachers' perceived professional space, especially in relation to perceived autonomy, and what these perceptions reveal about the achieved agency of individual teachers. Our analyses revealed two distinct profiles for perceived professional space, and a positive…

Dysregulation of biological stress response, as measured by cortisol output, has been a primary candidate mechanism for how social experiences become biologically embedded. Cortisol is the primary output of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. Cortisol levels vary systematically across the day and change in response to both sudden, acute…

Recent expansion of the sporting domain has meant sports have lacked distinct definitions. These definitions have pertained to specific activities and/or a general perception of an assumed experience, which arguably misunderstands these modern sports. While growth in this domain is encouraging, a clear understanding of modern sports remains a…

Multiple motivation factors work together to influence how students learn and achieve. Motivation can be enhanced by instruction that supports learning-related expectancies of success and strengthens perceptions that learning is useful. It also helps to keep in check students' beliefs that learning involves unreasonable effort, emotional, or…

Siblings describe positive and negative aspects of autism and often assume lifelong support roles. Less is known about cultural influences on sibling relationships. This qualitative study characterizes processes linking siblings' autism conceptualizations, sibling relationships, and self-concept using a multicultural framework. Siblings (12…

Numerous longstanding developmental theories have emphasized the important role that culture and context play in shaping young children's skill development. Nevertheless, the field lacks explicit models describing the extent to which early childhood development may be similar (universal) versus different (specific) across cultures. In this…

Throughout history, society and technology have always interacted with each other. It has emerged as a result of development in information and communication technologies (ICT), which is called the Information Revolution in the world. The modern society has been replaced by the information society. The use of the Internet, which has become one of…

Class and geography profoundly influence rural youth's opportunities and aspirations for social mobility (Carr & Kefalas, 2009). Neoliberalism insists this mobility is achievable individually through education, though education is also often antithetical to the rural lifeworlds and communities of youth pursuing it (Corbett, 2007). These…

Gesar ("ge sar") is a warrior-like king in the realm of Ling ("gling") and the protagonist of a voluminous folkloric poem that many Tibetan bards have performed for centuries. With Gesar's increasing fame in modern times, the orature has become a quintessential representation of Tibetan culture. This paper compares two…

The purpose of this study was to examine undergraduate students' reasons they would or would not choose to major in special education. Given the chronic shortage of special education teachers, it is essential to understand the variables that may influence an undergraduate student to choose a career in special education so that recruitment…

Motivation is a vital element of reading success. However, motivation does not always occur organically; it often takes strategic mentoring for students to be inspired by the prospects of reading. Such mentoring can occur when students can begin to see teachers as fellow readers, and when educators can help students to develop their own,…

This longitudinal study builds on an earlier study of college men's gender identity development (Edwards & Jones, 2009). The findings from the 5- and 10-year follow-up interviews affirm the grounded theory of the original study. The longitudinal aspects of the study also illuminate how men navigated their gender performance and the different…

Objective: Young adulthood (18-25) is the peak age for substance use, but friends who engage in positive behaviors may be protective. The present study examined the direct relation between positive peer affiliation and substance use, and whether positive peer affiliation moderated the relation between self-reported sensation-seeking, future…