Contractual revision promotes cooperation between teachers and tutors and, being student initiated, provides a method to increase student control over the revision process and encourage students to communicate their strengths and weaknesses in writing to their teachers or tutors. The contractual revision process requires students to form contracts…

Efforts in higher education to use students as teachers (peer teaching), thus providing them with the benefits traditionally enjoyed by professors are described. Four sections focus on the following: (1) peer teaching and the psychological basis for its benefits (cognitive level, affective level, and peer learning); (2) types of peer teaching used…

Writing instruction reflects a growing appreciation of the value of talk. By implementing peer writing groups, teachers encourage students to give, seek, and react to oral feedback among themselves as they write, in addition to reacting to the teacher's traditional comments on finished papers. Collaboration in writing groups provides writers with…

Following a year-long study, model procedures were developed for eight pairs of peer coaches and inservice elementary school teachers to modify reading instruction practices to improve reading comprehension. Specific teaching behaviors were chosen to determine whether coaches could encourage teacher clients to: (1) incorporate more direct teaching…

This presentation offers a design for developing a long term staff improvement program using the talents available in a small or rural school district with low financial resources, limited personnel time, and difficulty in obtaining outside training. The plan focuses on improving teaching skills through a participatory structure involving peer…

In this action research study, research findings related to developing children's prosocial behavior were discussed at a seminar with parent/teachers in a cooperative nursery school to determine if post-seminar parent/teacher intervention would lead to increased prosocial behaviors in the children. Forty-seven children in the nursery school were…

The role of tutoring services in special programs designed to meet the needs of non-traditional community college students was studied through a review of the literature on history of tutoring programs, the development of special programs to meet the remedial, developmental, and compensatory education needs of underprepared students, special…

The Student Health Promoter (SHP) program at the University of Arizona is a campus-based service designed to offer students an opportunity to increase their awareness of wellness activities through the use of peer counseling techniques. SHP participants are undergraduate students not necessarily enrolled in health education who serve as referral…

The Triad process, a structured form of small-group discussion, has been used in teaching freshman composition. After reading each other's first drafts, students separate into groups of three; in each group, students take the role of reader, writer, or observer. Using role descriptions provided by the teacher, the readers analyze the writers'…

Achievement gains of 78 fourth-grade students taught with an individualized approach using peer teaching were compared with gains of 64 fourth-grade students in another school who were taught with a basal-reader approach. Analysis of results from pretesting and posttesting with the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills indicated that the gains of the…

This study describes in detail the synthesis of two relatively new, widely accepted and critically approved teaching methods, writing workshops and peer tutoring programs, in a coordinated program designed to improve student writing skills and attitudes. After tracing the origin of this experiment to specific concerns about the use of standard…

The Human Resources Research Organization (HumRRO) peer instruction model is presented, providing information for teachers on how to design and implement such a teaching system within Adult Basic Education (ABE) programs. The model presented requires that students meet specific performance criteria before they teach others, and that formats or…

This program, included in "Effective Reading Programs...," was begun in 1971 and serves 1,826 children of varying socioeconomic levels in K-4. Project ALOHA is a mainland demonstration of the Hawaii English Program, a total instructional system that provides goals, materials, a management system, and inservice training. The program is…