This review of the literature on achievement ambitions summarizes the more important developments in this area for the last 10 years. Sociology and psychology literature are included. Among the topics discussed are the following: (1) ambition and achievement in the context of role theory, (2) measurement of achievement ambitions, (3) acquisition…

Based on an address delivered at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association (Washington, D.C., September 7, 1968). A comment on the article by Robert E. Cleary is included.

This paper attempts to develop a conceptual framework for describing the school as an organization. In the first chapter, after a review of organizational theory and research on the school, it is concluded that the school organization as a whole can be described in terms of bureaucracy and professionalism. In the second chapter, two basic…

After experiencing a drop in enrollment of over 25 percent in 10 years, the Cincinnati (Ohio) Public Schools instituted a decentralization program. The program gives local schools greater autonomy, places greater emphasis on the principal's leadership role, and depends for some decision-making on Local School Advisory Committees (LSACs) composed…

The fifth of eight related documents, this booklet is part of a series of papers presented at the 1978 National Right to Read Conference examining issues and problems in literacy. In examining the issue of student accountability, this booklet first sets forth the prototypical case of pupil illiteracy and surveys the arguments that can be made for…

To determine the current role of laboratory schools in the United States, the 123 existing laboratory schools were surveyed. Forty-seven percent completed and returned the questionnaire. They reported that the chief function of their school was instruction, followed, in order of emphasis, by preservice teacher education, research, and inservice…

Based on the belief that the popularity of accountability periodically waxes and wanes in education, this article outlines a bit of the history of the concept and defines and explains educational accountability. The author traces the roots of accountability back to the 1858 Newcastle report, the first comprehensive survey of English elementary…

Schools, colleges, and departments of education (SCDE's) can respond to changes in enrollment patterns by reassessing their goals, and by focusing on the needs of educators to function in new and diverse situations. Many SCDE's provide courses or services that are helpful to nonschool educators, who have been described as educational services…

Five papers collected in this monograph provide information and suggestions regarding the potential role of educators in contemporary society. The first article suggests that, in many families, economic conditions requiring the employment of both parents will place greater responsibility for the development of children's moral and ethical…

This report, prepared by the Studies in Delinquency and School Environments program, presents a theory of delinquency and proposes an action research strategy to develop delinquency prevention programs in schools. The materials build on the theories of Hirschi and Bandura, and assume that: (1) home and school experiences can be rewarding or…

The paper is a philosophical examination of values education. It is presented in three major sections. First, there is a discussion of the role that value education has played in the American educational system. A historical review of four documents published by national educational groups and the government indicates that moral education has been…

In countries other than Canada, schools are used to accomplish four goals: manpower development (to develop skills needed to implement national policies); cultural survival (to prevent the loss of indigenous culture or language); social priorities (to accomplish social goals); and political purposes (to disseminate propaganda). In Canada, the…

Since literacy tests determine instruction, they should be designed to match well-defined instructional goals. They should be evaluated and implemented by those who teach literacy in consultation with other interested parties and should function to improve teaching as well as to evaluate students. Writing abilities should be measured directly or…