This study links the Piagetian categories of classification with an analysis of the structure of riddles. Subjects were 623 elementary and junior high school students from small towns in Northwestern Ohio. The children provided experimenters with riddles and each riddle was scrutinized for possible inclusion in the following categories: (1)…

At the University of Maryland, 758 randomly selected incoming freshman students were administered an anonymous poll regarding their sexual attitudes and behavior. Results showed that the Maryland freshman generally resembled other U.S. college students in their sexual experience. Approximately half (52% of males, 46% of females) reported that they…

Four different observational systems and two time sequences were employed to determine the extent to which they would yield different incidences of anti-social behavior. Two videotapes, randomly chosen from a pool of 30 tapes, were utilized. These illustrated the behaviors of anti-social children in a natural setting. Six observers were reliably…

This study examines the extent to which the younger (8 years old) and preadolescent (12 years old) child engage in altruistic lying for a peer who is dependent on the child for help in the form of lying behavior. Subjects were 56 Canadian, white, middle class boys. An ostensible peer gave half of the subjects help in winning a prize. The other 28…

A study of teacher leadership styles and classroom climates in 75 elementary school classrooms showed that teacher task and expressive orientations powerfully influenced classroom morale. Teacher authoritarianism had no effect, calling into question interpretations of previous studies of teacher leadership. Teacher power orientation showed strong…

The purpose of this study was to inquire into the relation of intellectual and/or psycho-linguistic development and apparent improvement in other behavior factors such as affective and social behavior and development. Thus consideration is given to the second cybernetics (i.e. the concept of positive feedback or deviation-amplifying relationships…

Concentrating on television and social learning, this second volume in the series of technical reports to the Surgeon General's Scientific Advisory Committee on Television and Social Behavior consists of an overview and the reports of five investigations. The studies included are: Leifer and Roberts, "Children's Responses to Television Violence";…

Now that television (TV) appears to be here to stay, parents should not resign themselves to it, but rather thoughtfully manage its use by their children. Children should be provided with play activity to break into the spell-binding hold of the TV set. Also, it is wise to sift through TV programs according to the child's make-up, and provide…

There is no longer a question of whether something should be done about the impact of televised violence on children; the questions before us are what should be done, and by whom. Thus, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is engaged in an intensive self-education effort to study the economics of the television industry, and the legal and…

In the first part of this book, the nature and extent of social concern with television and its possible effects on delinquent behavior is examined, and research into the nature and causes of delinquency is reviewed. Some attention is given to mass communication research, particularly to research which has addressed itself directly to the media…

Eleven studies made between 1958 and 1960 gathered information about the conditions under which children seek out television and under which TV has an effect on them. This book describes these studies and reports and interprets their results. In the first few chapters, some of the changes TV has made in the child's world are described, and…

While violence on television may serve as an instigation or model for real life violence, there may be other, more positive effects of violent portrayals, such as entertainment or catharsis of hostile feelings. A study was conducted to assess the effects of violent television in natural settings with preadolescent and adolescent boys. For a…

The general needs assessment instrument can provide the means for a school district to assess its needs relative to the Ten Goals of Quality Education. It is comprised of 63 area behavior statements, which encompass the 10 goals, and a 5-point rating scale (most important-least important) for each. The individual needs assessment instrument is…

Investigating learning by imitation in infants and young children, this study addresses itself to the following issues: whether there is systematic accommodation, whether this imitation follows a universal sequence, how the development of an act over many trials relates to the development of indicators over many months, and what the phenomenon…

The effect of the invasion of personal space upon an individual's subsequent use of personal space was investigated. Subjects in the invasion condition stood closer to the confederate than did subjects in the non-invasion condition. Results were interpreted in terms of the confederate serving as a model for the subjects. Still, subjects generally…