Lists the training themes and levels of intervention of a psychological orienteering project for Swiss athletes. Presents an outline for preparation and evaluation of team or individual performance over time on technical, physical, mental, and environmental aspects of orienteering. (SV)

The relative impacts of cooperative and competitive efforts on problem-solving success were explored in a review of 46 studies. Findings from these studies were categorized by problem-solving type and subjected to a meta-analysis. Members of cooperative teams outperformed competitive individuals on the identified types of problem solving. (SLD)

College graduates entering the labor force during 1990-2005 are projected to encounter increased competition for jobs requiring a degree; fewer college-level job openings are also predicted. (SK)

Discusses features to consider when selecting dictionaries. Topics addressed include the publishing industry; the dictionary market; profits from dictionaries; pricing; competitive marketing tactics, including similar titles, claims to numbers of entries and numbers of definitions, and similar physical appearance; a trademark infringement case;…

The quality movement in U.S. organizations does not have to deteriorate to a fad if there is real commitment to innovation and continuous improvement. The quality movement has the potential to enable process improvements, breakthrough thinking, and mutual accountability of individuals and teams. (SK)

The top businesses are discovering that, to get high organizational performance, they must assign frontline workers duties and responsibilities that typically have been given only to management and senior professional personnel. To help schools catch up with a changing world economy, students should achieve a certain mastery level by age 16…

Economic progress and the networked international society make learning critical. The complex interaction between learning and economic progress involves seven processes: scientific inquiry, invention, innovation, emulation, investment, commercialization, and cumulative learning. (JOW)

Presents suggestions for creative game changing that will even the odds for family members of unequal ability who want to play various games and sports together. The special privileges and tips include handicapping, retaking moves, and creating noncompetitive rules. (SM)

Fifty-two subjects competed on a task against themselves, a difficult competitor, and an easy competitor. Certainty, ability attribution, and task satisfaction for those with low self-esteem were affected by perceived goal difficulty but not for those with high self-esteem. Low self-esteem groups had lower goals, certainty, and task performance.…

Argues that instructors may mislead students when they credit efficient performance as flowing entirely from competition. Distinguishes between competitive behavior and market structure; refines the implications of opportunity cost and profit; and derives useful conclusions about the nature and sources of productive and allocative efficiency. (DB)

Pursuing excellence in sport discriminates against women. Alongside the primary texts of the glories of excellence runs a subtext of inequality and discrimination. The paper traces the idea of sport as a quest for excellence through various interpretations of the meaning of sport, discussing excellence as a socially constructed concept. (SM)

Adult educators must understand the political economy of capitalism, in which work organization involves control of the labor process and extraction of labor surplus. The resulting worker alienation and resistance have a learning dimension. (SK)

Considers United Kingdom higher education in the context of Michael Porter's book, "Competitive Strategy," which discusses five forces governing competition. Focusing mainly, but not exclusively, on teaching, the monograph identifies critical factors that have influenced the balance of competitive forces in higher education and…

Responds to a commentary on the author's changed opinion about teacher unions, expressing disagreement with the commentary's portrayal of the author, examining the only point of agreement (the inappropriateness of the subtitle of an article on teacher unions), and explaining the author's change in views from supporting teacher unions to supporting…

Disruptive technologies are simple convenient innovations that have triggered failures of some well-managed companies. They may threaten continuing medical-education programs so focused on leading-edge technology they lose sight of the very different educational needs of growing numbers of health care providers, who are turning to consultants, the…