Papers of the 32nd Educational Testing Service Invitational Conference on Testing Problems are presented. The conference was divided into three sessions. Session one examines the current educational context and includes the following papers: "Educational Opportunity: The Context and the Reality,""The System-Maintenance Function of Social…

This report describes a 21-month research project, the overall goal of which was to develop behavioral objectives and guidelines for a civics curriculum for the 1970's. The project staff first set out to learn whether secondary school students were concerned with greater participation in institutional decision making, and to consider the…

In a review of research, inhibited career and achievement motivation in women is analyzed and a humanistic goal for both sexes is proposed. The author believes that women have not caught up with the opportunities available to them to contribute to society through their careers. They do not contribute as much as men do to the humanities, arts, and…

Considers the implications of statistics on death and poverty in minority communities for Catholic high schools with large minority populations. Sees hope at the heart of the Catholic high school. Discusses how teachers, school climate, and careful curriculum design can help instill this hope in the students. (DMM)

States that the educational process must help students develop skills necessary for handling real-life situations such as peer pressure and substance abuse. Discusses essential elements of an elementary school program and outlines classroom strategies that can help schools meet this additional educational responsibility. (GEA)

Discusses recent reading research on strategies used by good readers; discusses National Academy of Education Commission on Reading's description of essential characteristics of good readers and recommendations from its report, "Becoming a Nation of Readers"; describes types of direct instruction for teaching reading strategies; and…

The rising number of uninsured children in California underscores the need to redouble efforts to enroll all eligible children in the Healthy Families Program (California's State Children's Health Insurance Program), or in Medi-Cal (California's Medicaid program). This report describes the research and fieldwork conducted by Consumers Union's…

From May 22 to June 8, 2006, Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc., and The Winston Group conducted a national survey among 1,215 respondents nationwide, including 703 members of the general public (123 Hispanics) and 512 parents of K-12 students (301 parents of public high school students), and among 150 high school administrators, 150 high…

To establish effective school discipline policies, educators must understand the nature of and reasons for misbehavior, social and legal attitudes toward the school's disciplinary function, acceptable responses to disciplinary problems, and the components of effective policies. This booklet's first chapter considers the need for discipline in…

This digest briefly describes how educators and schools can foster resiliency in all youth. The starting point for building on students' capacities is the belief by all the adults in their lives, particularly those in their schools, that every youth has innate resilience. All individuals have the power to change, and teachers and schools have the…

This article focuses on the importance of school readiness to school success and long-term life success. Issues relating to school readiness include what constitutes readiness, types of fundamental knowledge, how children approach learning, children's mental and physical health, and how readiness is defined. The article first examines what is…

At any one time, between 2 percent and 17 percent of the school-age population in the United States experiences moderate to severe depression. Too often, depression goes unrecognized, damaging self-esteem, ruining academic achievement, and disrupting families. This paper discusses childhood depression and treatment. Following an introduction…

Community colleges have always been strongly tied to their local communities, and arose out of an egalitarian approach to higher education. The Morrill Act of 1862 created the American land grant universities, with an emphasis on practical education in agriculture and technical fields. In addition, a number of private two-year "junior…

The Gender and School Education study was undertaken to collect baseline data against which progress in implementing the National Policy for the Education of Girls in Australian Schools can be measured. The study was designed to provide data on gender matters related to boys as well as girls. A total of 408 schools across Australia were involved:…

Since 1984 the Navajo Nation has mandated instruction in Navajo language and culture in K-12 schools within its boundaries. In 1998-99, a survey and follow-up interviews with 48 individuals in 20 Navajo communities examined community attitudes and beliefs about the value of Navajo language and culture studies and the extent to which the schools…