This study was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ed.D. degree at the University of California, Berkeley.

An experiment was conducted with 40 children, ages four to six, who were tested from both "good" and "poor" viewing positions on a perspective-taking task. As hypothesized, children showed no bias toward the view they chose when it was poor. However, when they had a good view they chose their own rather than another equally…

In order to investigate sex-role identity and learned helplessness as possible mediating factors affecting performance on formal operational tasks, the responses of 60 male and female adolescents were assessed. Contrary to expectations, the performances of individuals with feminine versus masculine sex roles did not differ significantly.…

Three studies investigate the role of competence factors (defined as acquisition of Piagetian formal reasoning) and performance factors (defined as influences from content and expectations) with respect to adolescents' reasoning about advertisements reporting product tests. (Author/MP)

Results obtained from adults and 8-, 10-, 12- and 14-year-olds indicate that children's advantage for repeated stimuli in reaction-time tasks and the decrease in magnitude of the repetition effect as age increases can be attributed to repetition of the same stimulus, rather than repetition of the same response. (MP)

Developed a system of tables to facilitate interpretation of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. Presents tables that organize the McCarthy subtests according to three systems of interpretation, and organize McCarthy Scales into categories that reflect factors likely to influence various subtests. (Author/RC)

Performance indicators presently being used by CETA and the Labor Department, which are primarily constructed from placement data, provide no useful information for judging relative program effectiveness. Other indicators, particularly changes in weeks in the labor force, weeks employed, and wage rates, though not perfect, are correlated much more…

The article reviews available research findings on the influence of illustrations on the reading performance (i.e., word recognition and reading comprehension) of beginning readers in general and in specific subgroups of beginning readers (e.g., poor achievers, low ability students). (Author)

In evaluating performance of women's volleyball teams it was found that the quality of physical size as represented by body composition and strength was more important than the combination of height and lean weight. (JD)

With the use of a special instrumented golf club, grip pressure measurements can be used by the instructor to quantify and discuss the effects of grip pressure in relation to instructional points. (MM)

Describes the burgeoning field of behavioral optometry, which specializes in promoting the use of both vision systems (focal and ambient) so they can work together to produce optimum visual efficiency, and in concentrating much of its work on developing or remediating the ambient vision system. Includes a simple test to determine need for a…

This volume lays out the essential arguments for the need for standard setting in educational assessment, discusses standard-setting methods and applications, and reviews current issues in standard setting, including legal challenges. (SLD)