A World Health Organization (WHO) working group discussed continuing education and career development of health care personnel at a meeting in Budapest, October 31-November 2, 1978. Group members defined continuing education, analyzed its methods and organization in various countries, and explored the relationship of continuing education to career…

Over 500 items published between 1964 and 1967 are listed without annotation in seven categories as follows: Journal articles, 344; pamphlets, 64; special articles and monographs, 41; papers, addresses, and memoranda, 27; theses and dissertations, 16; audiovisual materials, 12; and books, 30. (JK)

The 1975 Code of Faculty Responsibility is part of the University Regulations, and, as such, has the force and effect of law at the University of Utah. The code contains general provisions; academic rights of faculty members; ethical canons governing faculty conduct with regard to duties to students, his professional obligations, obligations to…

An examination of the omnipresent problem of censorship, especially as it affects public high school literature programs, emphasizes the need for book selection policies and formal procedures for handling a complaint against a book. This study concerning censorship of "The Catcher in the Rye" may prove useful to school personnel in…

Democracy can exist only in a climate in which teachers are free to teach and students are free to learn, a climate conducive to open inquiry and responsible discussion of any and all questions related to the ethical and cultural welfare of mankind. The right of an individual to read rests on the fundamental democratic assumption that an educated…

The actualization of educational improvements in school systems necessitates an innovative climate. A schematic diagram shows seven functions as constituting the planning and inventing process for educational improvement. Of these seven functions, four are developmental and adaptation processes, and three provide for the routinization of building…

Presents a study in which all secondary schools in West Midlands urban area of England were visited and a structured interview conducted with head teachers to determine what rules were common, to what extent they were formally written down, and what methods were used to ensure their enforcement. Concludes that sanctions far outweighed rewards in…

This paper asserts that California's system of education funding is rife with waste. A state commission found that the system was "convoluted--driving up administrative costs, diverting attention from educational concerns, and depriving the public of readily accessible, comparative information." The paper suggests that the California…

This paper presents national 2000-01 data from charter schools and charter-school authorizers in the United States regarding the various stages of the accountability process: the charter application stage, the monitoring stage, and the sanctions stage. The larger accountability context of public schools and its impact on charter schools are also…

College administrators may use state and federal law and disciplinary policy to prevent selling and/or purchasing prefabricated term papers. The federal government may enjoin term-paper companies' activities involving use of the mails for fraudulent purposes. States may enjoin sale of term papers violating education or criminal codes. (MSE)

The aim of this study was to conduct a multivariate assessment of college student drinking motivations at a campus with conventional alcohol control policies and enforcement practices, including the establishment and dissemination of alcohol policies and the use of warnings to arouse fear of sanctions. Two explanatory models were compared:…

Most states have high stakes tests in place and the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), with adequate yearly progress requirements, is tightening the screws on the whole system. No part of public education, however, is going to feel the stress more than the high schools and high school principals. When students who have passing grades…

This study examined court records, probation records, and collection office records in four counties in Pennsylvania, which were chosen because they varied along two dimensions: (a) population size and (b) the use of specialized units for the collection of monetary sanctions. From each county, restitution-eligible cases were sampled from both 1994…

This paper presents the first evidence of the effects of school accountability systems on the long-term human capital development of high-performing, college-bound students. The results are mixed. On the one hand, the evidence is consistent that school accountability sanction threats are associated with changes in student study habits. Students…

This report examines the effectiveness of recent federal government efforts through amendments to the Higher Education Act (1993) to reduce student loan defaults. Key measures to curb defaults had been to make schools with high student loan default rates ineligible for federal student loan programs. However, many institutions have challenged…