Investigated the effects of subject sex and target sex on reported conflict management styles. Found males more likely than females to use a competing style, while females were more likely than males to use a compromising style. Found all subjects more likely to use an accommodating style with female targets. (SKC)

Leaders have a fundamental social contract with followers. Leaders should be held accountable for failures, inadequate effort, or inaction in the face of problems or threats to the well-being of the constituency and its interests. Clarity of purpose is especially important if the leader-follower relationship is to be sound. (MSE)

The roles and images of the school principalship are discussed, including the principal as bureaucrat, instructional supervisor, manager, and politician, pointing out gaps between images of what a principal should be and what current principals actually do in their administrative positions. (CB)

A review of literature regarding the concept of visionary leadership identifies and discusses four types of vision (organizational, future, personal, and strategic) and factors that contribute to this vision (information processing skills; diagnostic tools; conceptual knowledge; creative thinking; and self-awareness). (CB)

Investigates the leadership of two New York State suburban school systems. Results show that neither a board- nor a superintendent-dominated system is likely to succeed entirely. A balanced set of roles involving collaboration is the only way to achieve effective school leadership. (MLH)

A schism is developing between Black leadership and the Black community because contemporary Black leaders are probably more conservative than their traditional counterparts. This is due in part to a shift in the institutional basis of Black leadership. (BJV)

Superintendents in 12 instructionally effective California school districts were interviewed and documents were analyzed for coordination of instructional activities management. Results suggest that these superintendents are more active "instructional managers" than expected. A uniform picture of instructional coordination is not…

This second of a two-part article on leadership development offers some practical advice on the applications of leadership concepts to the principalship. Provides examples of common leadership myths and selection of an appropriate leadership style. (CJH)

Conducted two studies to examine validity of scales measuring consideration and initiating structure as basic dimensions of leader behavior. Results indicated that the factors were multidimensional and probably did not represent fundamental dimensions of leader behavior. Found relevant scales of Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire to be…

Examines Black leadership recruitment, organization, and styles. Draws from literature dating from the 1930s to the mid-1960s, the transition during the 1960s from "Negro" to "Black" leadership, and the new Black leadership dating from the mid-1960s to the present. (Author/GC)

An integration of the concepts of situational leadership with what is known about group development and functioning of work groups is discussed as a tool in helping managers, trainers, and group members understand group development and determine the appropriate leader behaviors to use in various situations to build unified, cohesive, and…

A factor analysis of Fiedler's Least Preferred Co-Worker (LPC) Scale and measure of situational control produced eight factors. Several factors failed to demonstrate internal consistency upon replication. Argues that the LPC and situational control measure are more complex than generally assumed. Suggests further attention to operational…

This article describes: (1) problems observed in adolescent and young adult dropouts and potential dropouts; (2) key propositions of Hershey and Blanchard's leadership model; (3) research related to the usefulness of various degrees of relationship and structure, the key dimensions of the leadership model, for academically unsuccessful youth; and…

Investigated theme development and role types in eight same-sex, self-analytic groups with male or female leadership, through the use of The General Inquirer, a computerized program of content analysis. All groups, male and female, showed a significant increase in the use of AFFILIATION words over time. (BH)

Examined managers' perceptions of subordinates' performance, causes (attributions) of subordinates' performance, and the leader behaviors they employed toward subordinates from the standpoint of cross-situational consistency versus cross-situational specificity. Empirical results for 377 Navy managers provided strong support for cross-situational…