The speech products of 104 young adult Melbourne males were analyzed in order to determine whether the linguistic dimensions of the speech product bear a necessary relationship to the cognitive dimensions. (Editor)

Considers methodological issues surrounding the Piaget-Huang controversy. A probability model, based on the difference between the expected and observed animistic and deanimistic responses is applied as an improved technique for the assessment of animism. (DP)

A probabilistic unfolding model is presented which makes it possible to scale stimuli and subjects simultaneously, without assumptions concerning the distribution of subject or of stimuli. The applicability of the model is demonstrated in areas of attitude measurement where the assumption of normality is inadequate. (Editor)

Paper attempts to synthesize Sidney Ratner's essays in which he examined John Dewey's books and essays as they related to the theory of evolution, and the way in which evolutionary theory was at the heart of Dewey's shift from idealism to instrumentalism. (Author/RK)

The primary goal of this study was to determine the degree of support for cognitive balance formulations of inference processes in hypothetical social situations using a procedure that controls for certain other systematic biases that may affect inferences." (Author)

Free-response and card-sort techniques are criticized as to their application to investigating cognitive content. Two studies are presented which examine the validity and reliability of these two techniques when they are used concurrently with college students. (Author)

Rod-and-frame test data of undergraduates were subjected to pattern analysis, which showed that most tilt toward the spatial position of the frame, while some utilize two frame cues, i.e., the nearest to vertical side and corner of the frame. Other interpretations of performance were not supported by results. (Author/RD)

Assesses the extent to which certain key behaviors said to involve perspective-taking (specifically, cognitive and affective perspective-taking, and altruism) were related to friendship as opposed to popularity. (Author/MP)

Examined the Performance-Verbal (P-V) discrepancy on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--Revised as a predictor of recidivism among 78 adjudicated white female delinquents. The P > V sign was displayed significantly more frequently among recidivists than among nonrecidivists. Findings support views that cognitive differences…

The "universal to unique" framework of educational psychology is intended to provide a balance between developmental psychology's holistic approach to learning theory and cognitive psychology's emphasis on individual differences. (Author/JCD)

Presents argument that many factors affecting retention can be understood in context of a distinction between relational and individual item processing. Describes experiments which demonstrate that variables influencing the type of processing produce differential effects upon certain dependent measures. (Author/BK)

The relationships among measures of quantitative thinking in first through fifth grade children assigned either to an experimental math program emphasizing tactile, manipulative, or individual activity in learning metric and decimal concepts, or to a control group, were examined. Tables are presented and conclusions discussed. (Author/JKS)

Growth curve analysis is applied to modeling test performance changes demonstrated by older adults following cognitive training or based on repeatedly presented fluid intelligence measures. Findings using data from a study by P. Bates and others (1986) provide evidence of plasticity in the fluid intelligence of older adults. (SLD)