Presents a biographical profile of Marsha Poster, the director of the Carnegie Mellon Child Care Center, located on the campus of Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (MDM)

Investigated sample of prime time network television advertisements to determine how gender portrayals differ in drug and nondrug commercials. Found that women were significantly more likely than men to appear as characters in drug advertisements than in advertisements for other products and that they were frequently portrayed in these commercials…

A British Columbia survey of 45 intermediate care residents and 45 nurses found significant differences between residents' and staff perceptions of the importance of activities and residents' level of choice. Staff members' erroneous assumptions may result in procedures that restrict residents' choice of activities. (SK)

Compared parent care experiences of 5 groups of 492 daughters: married, remarried, separated/divorced, widowed, never married. Women with husbands had more socioemotional and instrumental support, much higher incomes, less financial strain from caregiving, and less depression than other groups. They felt their own particular marital status made…

Examined status transitions, future outlook, and conflict from perspective of caregivers and care receivers (n=117 pairs). Future outlook had powerful association with dyadic conflict. Other strong predictors of conflict were current happiness and relationship changes over three years (for care receivers) and care receivers' lack of social…

A survey of 161 staff members serving persons with intellectual disability in eastern Ontario (Canada) indicated that staff held moderately liberal attitudes toward the sexuality of persons with intellectual disability. Younger staff and those with a university education held more liberal attitudes, and professional staff had more liberal…

Interviewed two expert caregivers about their experiences of caring for severely demented patients. Ethical reasoning, exemplified by tender descriptions of relatedness to patients, indicated that expert caregivers used sound knowledge combined with imagination, empathy, and intuition to grasp situation, where patient is regarded as person with…

Examined psychological and immunological changes among 25 caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 25 caregivers of stroke patients, and 25 noncaregivers. Found that AD caregiving group was more psychologically distressed than stroke group, and both caregiving groups were more psychologically distressed than controls. Found no differences…

Analyzed response bias among 34 recipients of care in hospice. Found nonrespondents to have better bereavement prognoses and tended to care for patients who were younger, male, and in program for shorter time. Nonrespondents were in contact with staff less than were respondents. Data are consistent with earlier research showing significant…

Conceptualizes separation-individuation conflicts in caregivers as behavior under dual control of nonverbal and verbal antecedents and consequences of others and dysfunctional self-rules of caregiver. Describes two types of treatment in context of case study: changing caregiver's problem behaviors by training nursing home staff and teaching…

Examined caregiver listening responses as they occurred in conversations with an Alzheimer's patient. Videotaped 26 episodes of conversations between caregivers and patients in adult day health care setting. Found that sensitive listening and partial entry into the patient's frame (reality) may be effective response to prevent behavior and…

Developed Community Service Attitude Inventory (CSAI) to provide a measurement tool to further understanding of community service use by family caregivers of dementia patients. Testing of CSAI revealed five distinct components of family attitudes toward use of community services. (Author/NB)

This questionnaire offers a form that can be used for the evaluation of the role of adults in children's play. The form focuses on adult support of the child's point of view, choice of activities and materials, and psychosocial needs. (SH)

Compared pairs (n=174) of elderly mothers' and their caregiving daughters' perceptions of aid given to the mothers with actual caregiving activities. Results indicated nearly half of the mothers and daughters were accurate in their perceptions of aid given to the mothers; when mothers' perception of aid was inaccurate, mothers overestimated rather…

Examined psychosocial functioning and transition to adult status following adolescent closed head injury. Used case study approach to describe changes in functioning following discharge and return to family and school from perspective of injured individual and primary caregiver. Found dependence in many areas of adult functioning, underscoring…