An analysis of how the government can and cannot use research and development (R&D) policy to improve the nation's industrial posture suggests four guidelines for federal R&D policy. These guidelines are outlined and discussed. Areas analyzed include federal role; competition from Japan; support for university research, immigration policy,…

Four major forces will provide the major influences on all adult learning in the next decade, and they affect conferences and meetings as well. The author discusses these four forces: friendly competition, appeals to the emotions, demands for quality, and increased research and development. (CT)

Describes a science olympiad recommended as an alternative to the science fair, providing organizational details and funding notes. Discusses the competitive events which specifically include chemistry, events from other academic areas, and events designed just for fun which still provide a flavor of science. (JM)

Describes a statewide computer competition involving young programers (individuals and groups) who developed software packages on energy and water conservation. Project rules, guidelines, challenges, evaluations, prizes, commitments, benefits, and costs are discussed. (BC)

Intergroup cooperation and competition were compared to determine if they promoted systematic differences in interaction between majority and minority students. Results indicated that the intergroup cooperation condition produced increased numbers of cross-ethnic relationships. (Author/DF)

Investigated the motivational nature of the Motive to Avoid Success (MAS) in a sample of 105 fifth- to eighth-grade females who participated under noncompetitive and competitive conditions. Results did not substantiate the motivational nature of MAS. MAS did not predict performance in a competitive situation. (Author/JAC)

The effects of microcomputer games on the cooperative behavior of young children were explored in this article. Children played mildly competitive, cooperative, and individualistic computer games. Results are discussed. (DF)

Describes a memorable year in the life of a high school drama coach and his 17-member acting troupe. (RBW)

Examines motivational processes within different goal/reward structures, i.e., competitive, cooperative, and individualistic. Reviews the results of several studies of teacher and student perceptions of personal ability and success and failure. Discusses educational implications of the authors' conclusion that alternative goal structures lead to…

Provides a brief history of the International Physics Competition (IPC). IPC rules, aims, organization, participants, leaders, finance, language, duration, international jury, problems, evaluation, prizes, and organizers' responsibilities are discussed. Typical problems used and problem solving methods are also discussed. (JN)

Three types of student-student interaction patterns (cooperative, competitive, and individualistic) can be structured for learning of physical skills. Students were studied to observe which type of interaction process promoted learning the golf skill of putting. Results are presented. (Author/DF)

Investigated inhibition in a mixed-sex spelling bee, using a sample of 36 middle-class Black and 32 Hopi Indian preadolescents. Spelling scores indicated that high-skill girls in both cultures performed below their established levels of capability when opposing low-skill boys. In general boys were more eager to compete. (JAC)

From an educational perspective, involving students in school design provides a rich learning experience. Students must reflect on the world around them and develop practical solutions to everyday problems. Design-based activities make them think about the learning environment, prompting them to consider where and why they learn best. Such…

Reverse transfer has recently become a topic of interest. There are concerns that some university graduates are having a difficult time finding good jobs and are enrolling in community college programs to make themselves competitive in the job market. To assess the extent of reverse transfer, the Commission conducted an analysis combining…

The education market emerged in China since 1990s, which triggered heated debate among education circle. This paper explores the development forms which education market took on, analyses its pros and cons and investigates the measures should be adopted to revamp the holes of the unripe education market. (Contains 6 footnotes.)