Two experiments examined effects of event modality on young children's memory and suggestibility. Findings indicated that 5-year-olds were more accurate than 3-year-olds and those participating in the event were more accurate than those either observing or listening to a narrative. Assessment method, level of event learning, delay to testing, and…

This study examined whether 9.5-month-olds could use featural information to individuate objects. Results suggest that infants categorize events involving opaque and transparent occluders as the same kind of situation and that infants are more likely to give evidence of individuation when they need to reason about one kind of event than when they…

Performance data from 168 Hong Kong students in a distance business communication course were analyzed using two-way cross-tabulations with chi-square testing. Performance was influenced by tutorial attendance, gender, academic background, previous achievement, and relevant learning experience. (SK)

Four experiments examined 6-year-olds' performance on intentionality stories and one false belief story. Children answered according to their own knowledge in an intentional context, even though they responded by choosing a picture to insert into a protagonist's thought bubble rather than reporting the belief verbally. Children could correctly…

Studied the effect of self-regulatory processes on test preparation and performance through interviews with 62 college students. As expected, high test scorers used more self-regulatory processes to enhance test preparation and performance, and self-regulation positively affected test performance. (SLD)

The study examined the effects of forward time gating (in which incremented portions of a word are presented) and word length on monosyllabic isolated word-recognition performance with 20 female college undergraduates. Listeners recognized time-gated words less frequently and with less confidence, and word length significantly influenced…

Standard or enhanced Blissymbols, designed to represent familiar actions, attributes, and objects, were shown to 20 3 year olds, who guessed their meaning. The number of their guesses that referred to the enhancements was twice as great as the number that referred to the standard Blissymbol base. (Author/JDD)

Two studies of children and adults investigated responses to a weight illusion task based on perceptual adaptation or contrast effects. Results showed improved performance only after the task was altered to highlight the relevance of the condition that produced the illusion. (RH)

Criticism of the theory that massed practice depresses performance as well as learning asserts that any generalization based on some limited amount of admissible evidence will provide an incomplete description of the psychological processes underlying skill learning. (JD)

Discussion of the development of job aids and personal performance tools focuses on self-charting as an effective feedback technique. The use of self-monitoring for various situations is described, the importance of setting goals is discussed, and computer programs developed for self-monitoring are explained. (eight references) (LRW)

Mentally retarded and nonretarded adults (n=32) performed visual vigilance tests in which single digits were presented at either a fast or slow rate and the rate shifted without warning. Retarded observers detected fewer targets and made more false alarms than did nonretarded observers in all test conditions. (Author/JDD)

A semantic or a phonetic cue was given when necessary in an object-naming task involving 30 first grade children. Although the children who were poor readers named fewer objects than good readers, both groups of children benefited from phonetic cues. In contrast, semantic cues had relatively little effect. (Author/JDD)

A study was conducted to isolate monitoring of test performance from other forms of monitoring and determine the effect of taking a test on expectations about performance. Results were consistent with claims that developmental changes in self-regulation could be tied to developmental changes in monitoring of performance and predicting performance.…

Discussion of the performance analysis process focuses on its use in traditional educational settings to prepare students as designers and trainers in a variety of settings. A flowchart of how to conduct a performance analysis is provided, and a worksheet to guide students through the performance analysis process is included. (four references)…

This study compared visual word recognition (speechreading) in video sequences showing either full face or lips plus mandible to 26 normal hearing college students and 4 adults with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Percent phoneme correct scores were similar in the two conditions and scores significantly improved for the repeated measure in…