In the first of three studies, A Nonverbal Technique for Studying Music Preference, a free operant technique was used for determining the type of music most preferred, and therefore most likely to function as a reinforcer, for 66 retarded children (ages 9-20, IQ range 34-69). In the second study, Effects of Noncontingent Music on Addition…

A set of scale values representing the expected number of Structure-of-Intellect cells (mental work) delivered by college-level psychology teachers in the classroom, on each of eight jobs, was developed from magnitude estimations of psychology teachers and students from the U.S.A. and Germany. (Author)

Textbooks used for the first time in a large introductory, and in an advanced, psychology course were systematically examined, using different methods for each text, to measure the amount of individual student underlining. This amount was then correlated, in each course, to the students' performance, with each student's general academic ability…

Students were classed as field dependent or field independent using Witkin's Rod and Frame and the Embedded Figures Test. In addition, each of the 269 grade 8 subjects performed Uznadze's set tasks. The number of trials required for excitation and extinction in the haptic and visual modality were noted. The field-dependent-independent groups,…

The effectiveness of six classes taught remotely by amplified telephone was compared with that of identical on-campus classes. Personal characteristics associated with success under the competing educational delivery systems were also evaluated. Criteria included post-test scores on a specially constructed achievement test, final examination…

This study, conducted with 279 5th graders, examined the effects of high norms (HN) and low norms (LN) used as goals in a 2-week vocabulary learning task. Ss in the LN condition yielded significantly higher retention scores; performance and interest scores were not significantly different. These results were compared with those of a related…

Much concern has been shown over possible defects in small college preparation of science majors. This paper presents data from a large-scale longitudinal survey of 1961 graduates that has a direct bearing on the relation of graduate school success to undergraduate origins. Results of the survey show that university-trained science majors are only…

The effectiveness of training aids in the teaching of elementary electronics trouble shooting was tested. Students entering the Basic Electronics course at the U.S. Naval Training Center, Great Lakes, Illinois, were assigned to one of three groups being taught by either the standard Navy training method using actual operational equipment, training…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether persons identified as having either a low or a high degree of apprehension toward writing encode information differently. Behavioral patterns similar to those exhibited by persons who are apprehensive about speech were investigated. Results of a study of 19 high-apprehensive and 21…

Two rating instruments for evaluating the performance of men in Navy jobs by supervisors were developed based on the need to know how effectively men of varying ability perform different tasks. Specific Navy jobs were selected for the development of the performance instruments according to the following job factors: Highly populated,…

The prediction that utilization of contextual information will be reduced by the presentation of secondary tasks requiring attention was studied. The importance of a limited-capacity operational memory for reading performance was discussed. (BJG)

Hypotheses for the decline in the Scholastic Aptitude Test scores can be listed under four headings: changes in society, changes in the schools, changes in the testing population, and problems with the tests. However, it is concluded that SAT scores are still constant and reliable measures. (JY)

The average IQ score of young adult males rose 20 points from World War I to 1960. Among the various causes cited for the rise is the effect of the changing family environment. (JY)

The Prestatic Motivation Test was positively related to persistence and to performance in academic examinations. The relationship held when the measure was used alone and when it was combined with the Mandler-Sarason Test Anxiety Questionnaire as a measure of resultant motivation. (Author/BJG)

Effects of cardiac output and lactate accumulation in exercised muscles was studied. (MM)