Study completed in part under Grant RD-1127 from the Vocational Rehabilitation Administration, Washington, D.C.

This paper addresses the need for a more systematic framework for conceptualizing and evaluating the health-related effects of support. A conceptual model of stress, support, and functioning is presented which clarifies the direct, interactive, and indirect effects of social support. Several paths representing relationships among life stressors,…

The paper reviews literature relating to selective attention in the learning disabled child. Three processes related to the concept of selective attention (as proposed by D. Berlyne) are discussed: attention in learning, attention in remembering, and attention in performance. It is pointed out that verbal mediation, the use of verbal labels to…

The present study was designed to assess kindergarten, second-, and fourth-graders' knowledge of two aspects of metamemory, the effect of list length and the effect of study time, and to relate this knowledge to the children's performance on recall tasks. One hundred and eight elementary school children, 36 from each grade level, were shown…

This research study examined the hypothesis that listener behavior could influence the performance of young speaker-listener pairs in referential communication tasks. (In referential communication, a speaker attempts to describe a target referent in such a way that a listener can pick it out from an array of potential referents.) Subjects were 28…

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if relationship existed between biorhythms and human performance. The subjects were volunteers from varsity athletic teams and physical education general program classes. Data from varsity athletes were collected from official results of varsity participation and from laboratory testing with the…

Working with the entire junior class of a suburban, middle-class high school, researchers investigated the effects of family stability on student performance, using the Iowa Test of Educational Development as an achievement measure. A statistical test was applied to two groups of students, representing stability or lack of stability in the family…

Certain characteristics of a Taylor (1965) competitive reaction time task contribute to a lack of awareness of contingencies that exist between two aggressors. The opponent's contingent response to the subject's specific shock setting may be obscured by the reaction time competition, thus concealing the matching contingency. Nine separate steps…

The relationship between therapist empathy skill level and therapist non-defensive awareness of countertransference phenomena with three client types, i.e., seductive, hostile and neutral affect, was investigated. Therapists in training (n=22) were administered the Yulis and Kiesler immediacy measure as a measure of non-countertransference…

A REVIEW OF THE PROBLEMS AND PROGRESS OF INTEGRATION IN THE NEW YORK CITY SCHOOL SYSTEM SINCE 1955 IS PRESENTED. THE NUMBER OF SCHOOLS HOUSING A MAJORITY OF NEGRO AND PUERTO RICAN STUDENTS HAS INCREASED AT ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION. THE BASIC FACT THAT THE PUBLIC EDUCATION ASSOCIATION STUDY UNCOVERED REGARDING ACHIEVEMENT DATA WAS THAT THE LONGER…

IF IT IS RECOGNIZED THAT THE SOLE JUSTIFICATION IN GIVING A TEST IS TO OBTAIN A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE CHILD, FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE CHILD'S PERFORMANCE ON THE TEST MUST BE CONSIDERED IN THE INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULTS. A SUFFICIENT KNOWLEDGE OF THE CHILD'S DEVELOPMENT, HIS BACKGROUND, HIS PERCEPTION OF THE TEST SITUATION, AND THE…

AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW OF THE RELEVANT LITERATURE SINCE 1900 SEEMS TO INDICATE THAT, IN SOME WAY, THERE IS AN INTERACTION BETWEEN INTELLIGENCE, AGE, SOCIAL GROUP, AND THE EFFECTS OF PRAISE AND BLAME ON SCHOOL CHILDREN. INCONSISTENCIES IN EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS HAVE PRECLUDED ANY DEFINITIVE STATEMENTS REGARDING THE PROBLEM. AN INVESTIGATION OF THE…

This bibliography contains citations of more than 700 studies concerned with the critical incident technique (a method of research based on identifying critical factors in human performance in a variety of situations and used to solve practical problems in industry, education, health, and community service). References cited have been indexed in…

Training older persons to use memory strategies and mnemonic techniques derived from an information processing model of memory has resulted in improvements in performance on specific tasks. Some studies have also shown that the elderly are less likely to use memory techniques than younger persons and that it is the use of techniques that best…

The purpose of this study was to determine if five-year-old children displaying high or low ability to process visual information exhibited the same high-low ability in proficiency of motor tasks which were dependent upon visual information for successful completion. The subjects were 40 five-year-old children who were required to pass a visual…