The URTSA emcompasses group-dynamic as well as other relations training. The first two steps of relations training--"external and internal courses"--do not produce observable effects at group and organizational levels, but are necessary preliminaries. Group dynamics can be a force for positive change in the Swedish job world. (Author)

Contingent vibration was used to train a precommunication response in a spastic/quadriplegic profoundly mentally retarded boy (age 11). The results indicated an increase in the S's eye pointing behavior subsequent to the administration of response contingent vibration. (Author)

Findings showed an interaction between mands (instructional directions) and response type. Only when a mand was given during performance of the sorting task did the frequency of SIB increase. The contingent application of verbal praise had a minor, though systematic, effect in reducing the frequency of SIB. (PHR)

Regardless of the complexity of issues or the instructor's fallibility, the instructure must make decisions around group problems of: (1) process v content; (2) purpose; and (3) format. These tensions mirror the tensions consultants face in work in schools. Coping with them may mean student consultants are better prepared. (JAC)

The article reviews the research on cognitive behavior modification (CBM) training with exceptional learners and procedures which are similar to cognitive training. Areas covered include impulsive behavior, academic performance, and maintenance and transfer of training. (PHR)

Describes an alternative approach to retraining courses for unemployed executives--management and professional personnel--in which a more personalized, self-pacing learning structure accounts for the unique difficulties of these students. (MF)

Describes a process known as behavior modeling, used by more than 300 companies to train managers and supervisors by showing videotapes of company managers effectively motivating others in a variety of situations. Participants rehearse the modeling behavior and apply the skills to the job. Includes an actual model script. (MF)

Discusses the two main approaches used to train managers: attendance at management seminars and on-the-job coaching. Describes a study to determine which method is more effective. Training content of the study was knowledge of skill in using the management-by-objectives system. (MF)

A seven-step, behaviorally based, decision-making process was taught to children ages nine to ten years. As compared to a no-treatment control group, children receiving the decision-making training obtained significantly greater scores. (Author)

Two experiments were conducted to train six severely multihandicapped students (ages 15 to 23) with hearing impairments to put on their own hearing aids independently, and to provide an empirical evaluation of a comprehensive instructional program for putting on a hearing aid by assessing acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of that skill…

A needs assessment produced the four themes (school board member role, communications linkages and processes, problem solving and decision making, planning) which provided the framework for a successful weekend leadership training workshop for Fort Worth (Texas) Independent School District School Board Members. (SB)

The cross age teaching program at Bemis Elementary in Troy, Michigan, is described, including procedures and forms by which teachers request tutors, the tutor volunteering process, parent information letters, and tutor training content, particularly self-concept enhancement techniques. For a companion article, see p30-34 of this issue. (SJL)

By using psychodrama techniques in inservice programming, improvement in communication among members of the school community occurs. With modification the psychodrama approach can be used with inservice teachers and administrators to improve self-realization and communication. A program using psychodrama techniques is described in the article.…

The need for pre-marital preparation and its current status is discussed. Group counseling is supported as the technique best suited to meet this need. Both the benefits and limitations of this method are noted. (Author)

A multiple-baseline-across-subjects study found that training in self-management reduced the inappropriate verbalizations of two middle school students with learning disabilities in a special class setting. The students also progressed more rapidly through the classroom token-economy levels system, designed to improve academic and social skills…