Earlier research in Dutch deep sea fishing showed competition between skippers. Since cooperation in fleets could be a solution to economic and social problems and the industry couldn't accept this, a simulation-experiment was carried out. Although competition existed initially, skippers later tried cooperation under reward conditions. The…

Creating behavioral patterns adapted to the postindustrial era will be essential to all kinds of adult education toward the end of this century. In newly evolving social structures we must first and foremost learn how to adapt constantly to new situations and how to cope with new problems. (SSH)

A manual on nutrition during pregnancy and lactation was developed and used with pregnant teenagers. Evaluation of the program showed that, while participants' knowledge of nutrition improved, their eating habits did not. The need for behavioral assessment of nutrition education programs is pointed out. (Author/PP)

Women attending four New England colleges were surveyed to determine how their health beliefs and attitudes related to smoking. Beliefs of current smokers, former smokers, and nonsmokers were explored in an effort to shed light on motivation. Implications for public policy are discussed. (PP)

The article describes three self-help programs designed to reduce disruption in secondary schools. (SW)

A contingency-based lottery system was implemented to improve the classroom behavior of 18 learning disabled and educable mentally handicapped students, aged 13 to 16 years. Results indicated substantial increases in times students remained in assigned areas, and numbers of students prepared for class; and marked reduction in nonauthorized…

A career exploration and awareness curriculum was established for a self-contained class in a day school for severely behavior disordered and learning disabled adolescents. The classroom was set up according to a work-stations concept in areas which included business, electronics/electricity, and mechanics. (SW)

The paper reviews the origins and applications of cognitive behavior modification (CBM), an approach involving exceptional students in their own behavior change. Contributions to CBM are traced from behavior modification, cognitive psychology, and instructional theory and research. Applications (training self-instruction and problem solving) are…

A position statement is offered that clarifies the function, role, and emphasis of decision making within the field of health education, and a rationale that proposes that health decision-making efforts be limited to areas where evidence links a health behavior (i.e., smoking) to a health problem (i.e., lung cancer) is presented. (Author/CJ)

Examined the side effects of parent counseling on marital satisfaction of 27 mothers and their clinic-referred children. Results indicated parent counseling for child noncompliance has a positive effect on parental marital adjustment for those parents who had an initial low level of marital satisfaction. Implications are discussed. (Author/RC)

Subjects (N=32) with recurring procrastination problems were assigned to either of two directive interview conditions (paradoxical or self-control) or to a no-interview control condition. Results indicated both directive groups exhibited generally greater improvement over time than controls and that opposing forms of direction promoted different…

Institutional staff used behavior modification and reality therapy to bring about positive behavioral changes in 20 severely retarded, emotionally disturbed adolescents as measured on two adaptive behavior scales. (Author)

This study investigated a practical staff-development process and reporting system designed to enable counselors to be accountable for their programs with a minimum of work. School counselors, who used either work session or consultation treatments scored higher in knowledge than counselors who used only the learning package. (JAC)

Conducted and evaluated a sexual psychoeducational intervention with older persons, adult family members of older persons, and staff members of nursing homes. Results indicated significant changes in attitudes toward and knowledge about sexuality and aging and sexual behavior. (Author)

The political attitudes and beliefs of Black students who attended a Black southern university during the 1963 demonstrations provide the data for this study of the long-range consequences of the Black student protest movement in the 1960s. (Author/JLF)