THE HISTORICAL ROLE OF THE SCHOOL DISTRICT SUPERINTENDENT HAS ENCOMPASSED VARIOUS OBJECTIVES AND PURPOSES THAT HAVE AFFECTED THE EDUCATIONAL LIVES OF MANY PEOPLE. DECISIONS A PRESENT-DAY SUPERINTENDENT MUST MAKE STILL COVER MANY AND VARIED FUNCTIONS--MANAGERIAL, INSTRUCTIONAL, POLITICAL, ETC. TO A GREAT EXTENT THE SOCIAL MAKE-UP AND SIZE OF A…

Education is the crucial institution involved in sex-role socialization. The percentage of women in school administrative positions has declined. Schools have adopted modern corporation and military management models. Women unhappy about the status quo must learn about power, both theoretically and practically, in order to change their position in…

Two action research projects were designed to examine the effectiveness of cultural training workshops as a means of increasing communication and interaction between black parents and educators in an urban school district. An important feature of the workshop was participation by black parents as part of the training team. It was assumed that…

We are better prepared today to deal with the problems in library administration, because we not only have the basic work of management theorists, but also staffs who are better educated and more interested in participation. During the last 25 years, there have been two strands in library administration. The older, human relations approach allowed…

A dynamically exploding world demands new modes of educational leadership. New definitions of leadership are focusing on humanistically oriented, affectively concerned, relational, caring kinds of persons. The basic focus of CFK Ltd. has been on improving schools by improving the leadership behavior of school administrators. The relational concept…

With funding from the Council of Library Resources, visits were made in the summer of 1974 to the public libraries of ten large cities in order to examine their procedures for setting goals and objectives. Since the goal-setting process implies the selection of priorities and the application of leadership by the library administration, the…

This paper describes the results of one Army officer's experiment in applying the techniques of psychological research on the job. With a view to developing his subordinates' leadership ability and initiative, and permitting them an active role in managing the battalion, he emphasized particularly the principles of "contingency management"…

Test items for the introduction to psychology and leadership course (see the final reports which summarize the course development project, EM 010 418, EM 010 419, and EM 010 484) which were compiled as part of the project documentation and which are coordinated with the text-workbook on leadership behavior and style (EM 010 434, EM 010 435, EM 010…

The authors discuss the trend emerging from organizational research which shows in part that administrators are more effective as they are perceived to be considerate of their subordinates. Based on field observations and on the contention that (in an era of increasing collective behavior on the part of teachers) hostility might take the form of…

Using Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness, which postulates that the behavior of a leader depends on the interaction between leadership style and the degree to which the environment gives the leader control and influence, a study investigated the effects of training and changes in position power on the behavior of three types…

A survey of 90 department heads in six Israeli universities concerning their role perceptions, role fulfillment, and satisfaction with role fulfillment found five main role factors and significant differences between fulfillment of roles and the desire to fulfill them. (MSE)

Analyzes interviews with 31 school board chairpersons across Canada on the subject of effective school board operations. Summarizes and quotes responses to questions about leadership styles and roles, conflict resolution among board members, informal communication networks, policy development, organizational structure, school board size, and…

The central need in education is to recognize that many of the gains in pupil achievement, as measured in test scores, may not be sustainable if educators continue to be fixated on short-term outcomes and plans. This paper addresses the key concerns of how educators sustain and develop schools through the deployment of effective planning…

As educators continue to restructure schools to better meet the needs of society, the principal's effective leadership practices become paramount. This report of a descriptive study of principals in a large urban school district examines the differences in middle-school and high-school teachers' perceptions of the leadership practices of…

Ordinary nonwork activities like fundraising, coaching, and community advocacy can serve as sources of learning for managers in such areas as interpersonal skills, handling multiple tasks, using relevant background information, and leadership practice. Private life encourages leadership development by offering managers experience developing their…