Compared the cognitions of high and low math anxious undergraduates (N=71) who were asked to think aloud while solving mathematical problems. Results showed no anxiety-related differences for either performance or 11 categories of cognitions, and no sex differences in performance or for a linear combination of cognitions. (JAC)

Summarizes the research evidence indicating that it is not the media that influence performance, but the instructional strategies used with them, considers some administrative advantages of using different media, and describes the features of training programs that do influence performance. (MBR)

To explore the relationship between spatial ability and both image quality and image process efficiency, 79 subjects completed spatial tests, imagery questionnaires, and laboratory tasks. Laboratory measures of process efficiency and image quality were strongly related to spatial test performance and weakly related to one another. (Author/BW)

Observes the increasing use of class test scores for rating teachers and reviews arguments against this practice. Cites research pointing to a variety of influences on standardized test scores other than teacher performance. Concludes that teacher evaluation must incorporate a variety of measures. (KH)

A process-product study examined classroom contexts and teaching practices related to mathematics achievement and enjoyment of Year 5 students in Australia. More effective teachers more frequently presented to large groups, used teacher and peer tutoring in small groups, monitored individual practice, and marked homework assignments which varied…

Examined whether gender composition and task structure affect communicative behavior in small groups. Groups with different numbers of men and women were given a highly structured assignment and a human relations case study. Interaction process analysis supported the hypothesis only for dominance acts of giving suggestions. (BH)

Evaluates preschoolers' ability to distinguish left-right mirror-images of objects on a memory task and ability to name rows of objects on a page in a consistent lateral direction. Abilities were assessed first without specific instructions on the relevance of left-right information and then with instructions. (Author/AS)

Evaluates autistic children's affect and rate of task acquisition under three experimental conditions: constant task, varied acquisition task, and varied with maintenance task. Results showed significantly more efficient learning under the varied maintenance condition. (Author/CI)

Acquiring the norm of altruism is conceived as a three-step process involving presocialization, awareness that others value altruistic behavior, and internalization of the norm. The present studies investigated how first-, second-, and third-grade children attain the second step. Attainment, occurring around second grade, was a function of…

A total of 41 children ranging in age from 9 months to 6 years, 6 months of age were observed playing at game-like tasks. Disruptive interventions were made at different times and with different levels of intensity. Children's reactions revealed developmental stages in wanting to do things by themselves; stages varied with the development of…

If management's motives are clearly aimed at improved performance for individual and organizational growth, and if the process is applied faithfully both in spirit and in action, a measurable return on investment is virtually guaranteed. Therefore, the author calls for an effort that would integrate the performance-evaluation process into an…

Uses an examination of the expectancy variable in educational research to contend that there are weaknesses associated with conceptualizing teacher expectations of student performance and with the use of teacher expectations in research. Includes recommendations regarding the treatment of the expectation variable in future educational research.…

Steadiness, reaction time, anticipation timing, and finger dexterity of healthy rural older adults were assessed to discover if norms should be set for perceptual motor tasks based on age. Guidelines for assessment of fine manipulative performances of the elderly are proposed. (DF)

The influence of physical fatigue on motor skills learning was examined in a study where subjects were scored on performance of both fatiguing and learning tasks. Results are discussed. (DF)

Reports on a study (of 79 Navajo women) that compared the predictiveness of two types of learning experience (schooling and weaving) for pattern continuation skills across varying domains and contexts. Questions the notion that what is learned in particular experiences automatically improves skills in general. (KH)