Pittsburgh High School students cooperated with or competed against partners of same or opposite race. As hypothesized, achievement behavior of internally oriented Blacks was more influenced by partner's race and task expectancies than that of Whites. Internal Blacks achieved best when competing against Whites or cooperating with other Blacks.…

There is a distinct possibility, it is suggested, that American higher education will experience a price war in the coming period. The recent growth in awards of financial aid based on "merit" may be viewed as either its precursor, or its prologue, or its early major phase. (MLW)

Higher education, it is suggested, has lost much public confidence because of the problem of overinflated grading standards. Relative performance standings of all students in a course could correct the inconsistencies. "Extra academic record" evaluations are seen as expensive, draining faculty time and university resources. (Author/MLW)

Five possible scenarios for the future of graduate programs in the humanities are explored based on the economic realities of increasing costs, declining enrollments, employment trends for faculty, competition for scarce resources, and cooperation among various programs. (JMF)

A successful tool for motivating interest in engineering and science among high school students has been a competition in engineering design. Materials limitations and rules of construction assure that expense does not exclude some entrants. (RE)

An achievement situation describing two children successfully and unsuccessfully performing task in competitive, cooperative, and individualistic reward structures was presented to 400 children across five grade levels. Results showed that different evaluative beliefs about the concepts of ability and reward allocation were associated with each…

Government patent policy and the effect of antitrust legislation on innovation are discussed along with the efforts of the Antitrust Division of the Justice Department to formulate new government patent policy recommendations. Participation, disclosure, commercialization, and administrative cost are discussed as issues that concern the patent…

The interrelationship of market forces, government regulation, and self-regulation is discussed and the Federal Trade Commission's (FTC) program involving competition in the health care field is reviewed. Concerns and misconceptions in the medical community about the FTC's involvement in the health care field are addressed. (Author/JMD)

Attitudes surrounding premedical education and the effects of competition on premedical students at Yale University are examined. Responses of premedical and other students were compared on topics including: self-descriptions, premedical stereotypes, occupational values, attitudes toward various occupations, and perceptions of college pressures.…

A study of groups of fifth graders working in competitive or cooperative learning conditions found that in the cooperative condition, most student interactions were on-task, whereas in the competitive condition, all student interactions were off-task. Groups that began the term in the competitive condition and then switched to cooperative learning…

Describes a teacher's experiences with using partnerships with industry as a resource to motivate primary science students. The project enables students to see the relevance of classroom science to the real world and provides an opportunity for students to apply concepts learned in the classroom. (DDR)

Analyzes competitive market forces within the global economy, multinational firms, and the United States labor market to provide a framework for a model projecting U.S. international training demand until 2005. Demand for internationally trained employees is estimated at 1.65 million by 2005, an average annual increase of 75,000. Over half will be…

Discusses seven propositions underlying the strategies that insurance pools can, will, and must pursue: (1) risk management versus risk financing; (2) elimination of windfall advantages; (3) the maintenance of market-dominant status; (4) cost leadership; (5) client focus; (6) innovation and diversification; and (7) leadership challenges. A sidebar…

Describes the approach to extracurricular activities taken at Plainfield (Indiana) Middle School, where activities, including most sports and the Student Council, are open to all students. The no-cut policy gives students the confidence to take chances later in their lives, and the practice of tolerance and acceptance builds better citizens. (SLD)

Examines the data from the 1992-97 South Dakota all-state band auditions. Focuses on the effects of school enrollment, distance to audition site, sex of auditionees, and the type of instrument. Presents the results of the study in detail. Includes references. (CMK)