Clarifies the difference between the Piagetian Conservation of Liquid Quantity task and the Conservation of Volume task and provides an alternative test for the presence of formal operational thought. (JR)

Two experiments were performed to study inductive reasoning as a set of thought processes that operates on the structure, as opposed to the content, of organized memory. The content of the reasoning consisted of inductions concerning the names of mammals, assumed to occupy a Euclidean space of three dimensions (size, ferocity, and humanness) in…

The first eight chapters of this book introduce the topic of test bias. The basic issues involved in criticisms of mental tests and arguments about test bias include: (1) variety of tests and test items; (2) scaling of scores and the form of the distribution of abilities in the population; (3) quantification of subpopulation differences; (4)…

A QUALITATIVE AND CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING WAS DETERMINED BY ADMINISTRATION OF THE STANDFORD-BINET INTELLIGENCE SCALE AND THE WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR CHILDREN TO A SAMPLE OF 65 NORMAL CHILDREN. EXAMINATIONS AND OBSERVATIONS WERE MADE FOR EACH CHILD DURING HIS INFANCY, PRESCHOOL, LATENCY, AND PREPUBERTY PERIODS. ANALYSIS…

A research study was conducted to determine if incorporating different types of pictorial illustrations into a slide-tape instructional program would improve achievement scores and affect processing time of bilingual students when they were tested on different types of learning objectives. Fifty-four undergraduate bilingual students from a Puerto…

Screening for early identification of learning problems must be done through effective identification procedures which assure all children an equal opportunity for quality education. In order to do this, it is necessary to identify the essential characteristics of an effective screening program, the ways these characteristics might be implemented,…

Presented is the experimental edition of the Florida Language Profile-Part A materials booklet, which is designed to measure the cognitive and language skills of children in kindergarten and first grade. Contents include pictures related to concepts such as size and quantity, shape, position and direction, similarity and difference, telling time,…

Presented is the experimental edition of the Florida Language Profile-Part B materials booklet, which is designed to measure the language and cognitive skills of children in kindergarten and first grade. Evaluated are concepts such as finding letters, naming upper and lower case letters, reading simple paragraphs, naming numbers, counting objects,…

Professor Postman is in agreement with Professor Gagne's view that valid measurement of learning outcomes is an essential part of the evaluation of educational systems. The paper stresses that the categorization of outcomes and measuring operations should be regarded as flexible heuristic devices, and that it is desirable to guard against the risk…

Reform in science and mathematics has moved from rote learning of facts and computation skills toward the learning of a structure of a subject matter. At present there is little empirical evidence to support any contentions that there is a match between the subject-structure taught and the cognition in subjects' memories resulting from the…

The purpose of this study was to translate a general cognitive observation system, the "Florida Taxonomy of Cognitive Behavior," into a system specific to mathematics. Firstly, a group of 20 mathematics educators generated a preliminary Taxonomy. Secondly, this taxonomy was critiqued by a group of 55 mathematics educators while, independently, a…

EXPERIMENTAL TESTS (23) WERE CONSTRUCTED TO MEASURE CERTAIN BEHAVIORAL-COGNITION FACTORS OF SOCIAL ABILITY. THE TESTS, AS WELL AS 24 MARKER TESTS OF SEMANTIC AND FIGURAL ABILITY, WERE ADMINISTERED TO WHITE, MIDDLE-CLASS, AVERAGE INTELLIGENCE 11TH GRADERS (240). THE STIMULI CONSISTED MAINLY OF PHOTOGRAPHS, DRAWINGS, AND CARTOONS. WORDS WERE USED AS…

A STRUCTURAL APPROACH TO THE COGNITIVE ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE WAS PRESENTED IN THIS RESEARCH ON THE LANGUAGE AND CULTURE OF THE PAPAGO INDIANS OF ARIZONA. IN THIS STUDY, THE COGNITIVE PATTERNS OF A LANGUAGE WERE CALLED "THEMES OF THE LANGUAGE" AND THE COGNITIVE PATTERNS OF NONVERBAL CULTURE WERE CALLED "THEMES OF THE CULTURE."…

Cites evidence from an Israeli study which indicates that media effects on cognition interact with a child's initial level of skill mastery. (MH)

Examines a study that suggests that quantification, defined as numerical data, increases textual difficulty and thereby discourages resolving scientific problems through public action. (MH)