Description of a microcomputer-based instructional strategy used to adapt computer assisted instruction (CAI) to individual learners' needs highlights its use with elementary school arithmetic classes to solve work problems. Experiments with a control group that received conventional problems are described, and applications for undergraduate…

American Indian and non-Indian junior high school students were asked to rank order leadership characteristics. Findings of the study indicate that leadership perceptions of both Indian and non-Indian students were very similar. The reasons for the similarity may be related to socialization, acculturation, cognitive development of students, or…

Compares the different criteria used to identify poor spellers and readers from good spellers and readers. Findings reveal that visual memory of orthographic sequences may help to differentiate between poor and good spellers. (CB)

The use of a comprehensive academic advising program in conjunction with a sustained academic orientation program through the freshman year has resulted in a 13.27 percent increase in the retention rate of high-risk students at a regional campus of Pennsylvania State University. The components of CORE are described. (Author/MLW)

Determines the accuracy of teacher judgment of the oral proficiency of pupils in French and Spanish high school classes. Results indicate that (1) teachers consistently overrate pupil performance and (2) the letter grade of the student in the foreign language class severely biases the accuracy of the teacher's judgment regardless of actual oral…

Two experiments examine whether the encoding of location meets criteria defining an automatic process. Automatic processes are not expected to show developmental changes beyond an early age. They appear to be unrelated to intelligence level and unaffected by instructions. Results support Hasher and Zack's automaticity hypothesis. (RWB)

The Test of Auditory Comprehension of Language was used to evaluate language comprehension of Chicano and Anglo kindergarten children in rural Wyoming. Children were tested upon entering kindergarten and after 20 weeks of regular instruction. Both groups made significant gains; Anglo children did significantly better than Chicanos on both tests.…

In response to a mandate from the New Jersey Department of Higher Education, Trenton State College has taken the lead in assessing undergraduate general education. Only two tests designed to assess general education were found: the ACT COMP and the TGE (Test of General Education). (MLW)

A study comparing Type A behaviors in premedical college students, non-premedical science majors, and other students found that premedical students were no more likely to exhibit Type A behaviors than those aspiring to doctorate-level training in nonmedical fields, but did find some gender differences and behavior changes over time. (MSE)

While it is a land-grant university with ambitious plans, the University of the District of Columbia faces the problems posed by its urban context, expectations, small endowment, administrative turnover, and administrative scandals. (MSE)

Discusses qualities necessary for good science education television, presents criteria that can be used by program makers and viewers to judge the outcomes, and describes study that used interviews with teachers and students to evaluate three British educational science programs aimed at 14- to 16-year-olds. (LRW)

Compared competence of children and adolescents from two-parent families (N=201), one-parent families (N=89), and stepfamilies (N=55). Found that children in stepfamilies, compared with other groups, had lower reading ability, impulse control, and self-esteem, while children in two-parent families had lower level of everyday skills performance.…

Compares survey responses of rural special education administrators and teachers in Alaska and compares results with previous national studies. Finds issues identified by administrators and teachers differ from those of national studies. Recommends that models designed for one rural environment not be generalized without considering uniqueness of…

Examines the validity of estimates of instructional reading level produced by the Reading Comprehension Test of the 1986 Metropolitan Achievement Tests (MAT). Compares reading level estimates provided by the MAT, basal reader placement tests, an informal reading inventory, and classroom teachers' judgments. Suggests that each method, because of…

Compares the format frequencies of the six basic Russian vowels as spoken and perceived by native speakers from Moscow, Minsk, and Kiev. Three experiments examine (1) perception of artificial vowel stimuli; (2) production of vowels from three dialect groups; and (3) dialectal perception of an English vowel. (LMO)