To examine the way college and university officials monitor quality, researchers conducted an open-ended telephone survey of trios of presidents, CAOs, and trustee chairs in the spring of 1989. These people were asked to discuss how well they thought their institutions were doing and how they knew so. Their responses reflected the question of in…

Changes in institutional research performance over time are examined to identify fluctuations and differences across five Carnegie types of institutions (research-I, research-II, doctoral-I, doctoral-II, and comprehensive-I). The focus is on whether certain types of institutions may be accumulating research advantage with respect to sponsored…

This publication provides the papers and discussions from a conference of economists, businesspersons, business historians, and politicians on entrepreneurship and public policy. "The Demographics of Entrepreneurship" (David Birch; Thomas Gray, commentator) describes research on the nature of job creation in the United States and Europe.…

Differing viewpoints, expressed in these two papers, address the question of whether college summer institutes should coach high school debaters on the current national debate topic. The first paper presents a three-part argument against coaching on the current topic: (1) the educational potential of summer workshops is not fully realized because…

College summer institutes should be allowed to coach high school debaters on the current high school debate topic. Every individual forensic practice must be viewed as part of a dynamic process, the totality of which ought to be assessed for its competitive and educational balances. The activity of debate becomes endangered not when students allow…

One of three related documents exploring the problems inherent to current high school forensic coaching, this paper explores the issue of risk in debate and how this risk can be reduced. The paper first examines how the 'risk of losing' affects coaches and debaters alike, noting that in providing adequate direction by helping to test the evidence…

This study compares and contrasts the following variables on the types of attributions (ability, effort, environment, and task) students make for their performance in algebra: attributions by gender and gender identification; attributions by level of math anxiety and self esteem; attributions by experience in competitive activities; and…

During the spring of 1933, several leading corporate executives, working with those favoring government planning, attempted to use the economic crisis to establish government-mandated prices that would provide leading corporations with competitive advantage, including government-insured profits without the hardships of competition. The result was…

The present experiment investigated factors which enhance the salience of group membership and consequent ingroup bias. Subject dyads, who were always white, interacted either competitively or interdependently with either white or black confederate dyads. Ingroup bias was assessed as a function of attraction toward the outgroup (experimental…

Hearings on the effects of a 1984 U. S. Supreme Court ruling concerning the televising rights of college football games are presented. Responses to the decision by colleges and broadcasters, and likely impacts on schools, are considered. In deciding the case brought by the University of Georgia and University of Oklahoma against the National…

In the 20 years since the inauguraion of "Jugend forscht" (Young Researchers) over 26,000 boys and girls have taken part in this annual Olympiad of young innovators. This brochure gives an insight into the diversity of themes dealt with by the "Jufos" (young researchers) and into their ability to achieve astonishing…

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate a microcounseling technique, microtechnology, with regard to its effects on three measures of cooperation in young children. A 3x3x2 factorial analysis of covariance was carried out on two of the three measures, with three grade levels, three levels of teacher involvement with microtechnology, and…

A "best case" model for the role of women in the postindustrial communications era predicts positive leadership roles based on the preindustrial work characteristics of cooperation and consensus. A "worst case" model finds women entrepreneurs succumbing to the competitive male ethos and extracting the maximum amount of work…

In order to promote peace in our personal lives and in our world it is necessary for teachers to espouse peace education throughout the process and content of their educational systems. Peace education refers to a non-authoritarian educational process that is compatible with peace and avoids all structural violence, not just education about peace.…

Economic competitiveness is today's most critical issue. Keeping the United States competitive in the world marketplace means the difference between a rising standard of living for everyone and the disappearance of what is taken for granted as a way of life. Developing human capital is the route toward successful competition, as some examples…