The data seem to indicate that both educational and public administrators try to alleviate or solve a workday problem in similar ways, although differences do exist, and that administrators do not use systematic decision-making procedures. (Author/IRT)

Discusses service industries' role in developing economies of rural areas. Describes ways service industries generate employment and local income and blend with a local economy. Summarizes survey of contributions to local economies and what attracted them to their communities for 385 service firms in nonmetropolitan Wisconsin. Tables provide…

Purpose: The purpose of the research is to investigate how particular information from the environment serves as didactic material for students of Siauliai University Faculty of Social Sciences in learning to carry out scientific analysis and theoretical generalization of data in their theses. Methodology: The main sources--Internet databases,…

For many years, Brazil lagged behind other middle-income countries in terms of school enrolment rates. But since 1998 policies have aimed at bridging this gap, in particular, with the implementation of FUNDEF, a fund for financing sub-national spending on primary and lower-secondary education. Using state- and municipality-level data during…

In cities with fire fighter union contracts, hourly wages are 2-18 percent higher but there is a decrease of annual hours of 2-9 percent, leaving an annual earnings increase of 0-9 percent. Hourly wages of fire fighters are lower in city manager and commission cities than in mayor-council cities. (MS)

Five European towns are described: Cumbernauld, Scotland; Crawley, England; Bijlmermeer, Holland; Farsta, Sweden; and Tapiola, Finland. The significance of Europe's planning experiences is considered with regard to the national urban policy in the United States. (NQ)

Describes widespread use of Greek names for places in the United States. (DS)

Argues that the Supreme Court's dicta against the imposition of "respondeat superior" liability on municipal corporations for the constitutional torts of their employees under Section 1983 is not justified by the language or legislative history of the statute. Available from School of Law, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO…

Places the recommendations in the 1916 reports of the Committee on the Social Studies within the context of progressive reform--particularly, reformation of city governments through efforts of the National Municipal League. Information is presented on federal and state reforms between 1913 and 1920, civic education, political aims of civic…

A study tested five propositions: citizens in consolidated governments are less informed about government services than those in fragmented systems; consolidated citizens are less efficacious; larger consolidated governments have less citizen participation; consolidated citizens are more dissatisfied; and competition among fragmented systems…

Survey responses from 520 municipal chief administrative officers (54%) indicate that municipalities are poorly prepared to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act regarding HIV/AIDS. The public workplace provides little protection in terms of reasonable accommodation for employees or job applicants with HIV/AIDS. (SK)

Describes rural revitalization efforts for small towns in central Washington. Planning analysis by Eastern Washington University faculty and students emphasizes community participation. Details revitalization of the town of Wilbur from planning stages to final outcomes. Describes overall project results. (KS)

Responses from 303 of 411 North Carolina municipalities determined that use of modern personnel practices was greatest in recruitment/selection, moderate in compensation/benefits and employee rights/regulations, and marginal in performance appraisal. Factors affecting greater use were larger work force and presence of city managers. (SK)

This study investigates how "community" is constructed, maintained, and contested among diverse residents of a rural town in California's Central Valley. Drawing on observations, interviews, and archival material, I examine the way in which ethnicity and class play a significant role in recasting how community is organized and…

An operational definition for "rural area" is pivotal if proposals, policies and decisions aimed at optimising the distribution of resources, closing the gap on inequity between areas and raising standards of living for the least advantaged populations are to be put in place. The concept of rurality, however, is often based on…