Language revival, language revitalization, and language reversal are argued to constitute three separate phenomena within language regenesis. A comparison of case studies from 14 countries--all involving group behavior related to the increased use of dead, dying, or neglected languages--is used to establish a clear and common terminology for these…

Working definitions of proficiency and performance in language testing are established, and their role in multidimensional testing is examined. The discussion also covers the relationship between proficiency and performance, a comparison of both types of tests, and performance test scoring dilemmas. (Contains 17 references.) (Author/LB)

Presents an activity to develop an understanding of the importance of definitions in mathematics in which the teacher uses counterexamples to produce modifications in proposed definitions for the concept of quadrilateral. Suggested follow-up activities include telephone description, dictionary mathematics, and definition displays. (MDH)

Assessment literates know how to meet specific standards of quality. Sound assessments arise from and serve clear purposes, reflect clear and appropriate achievement targets, rely on proper methods, sample student achievement appropriately, and control for sources of bias and distortion. Barriers include fear of assessment, insufficient time, and…

Technological literacy is a multidimensional term embracing the need to use technology, the need to understand issues raised by technology, and the appreciation for technology's significance. Technology education is a laboratory-based discipline in which students gain conceptual knowledge while participating in hands-on activities. Principals have…

Second-language (L2) researchers suggest that C-tests, developed as norm-referenced measures for proficiency and placement testing, can be used in L2 vocabulary research. This article illustrates how researchers can use measurement theory for L2 research by weighing validity justifications. A theoretical definition of vocabulary ability is…

Addresses the concept of underachievement among gifted black students from several perspectives and describes the extent to which gifted black students support the achievement ideology. Recommendations are made for ensuring that black students become more fully represented in programs for the gifted. (SLD)

The revised college and university classification system of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching reflects health and expansion in higher education, with net growth in number of institutions listed. The greatest numerical increase was in two-year colleges, the greatest percentage increase in one research university category. Over…

Examines the phenomenon of language contact and recent trends in linguistic contact research, which focuses on language use, language users, and language spheres. Also discusses the role of linguistic and cultural conflicts in language contact situations. (13 references) (MDM)

A definition of giftedness is proposed based on the constructs of intelligence, creativity, and problem solving. Research on relationships among intelligence domains and problem-solving processes is summarized, with specific findings concerning problem-solving processes used by children versus adults, by gifted versus average individuals, and…

Interviews with over 100 middle-school youngsters reveals these adolescents' rich, multidimensional understanding of caring. However, classroom observations showed that most teacher/student interactions were neutral. Students defined caring teacher behaviors as helping with schoolwork, valuing individuality, showing respect, being tolerant,…

The study of educational politics in the U.S. has been locked within an intellectual straightjacket variously called pluralism, pragmatism, or behavioral science. Explains the field's shift from a behavioral paradigm to a policy paradigm. Discusses various policy research and analysis streams, contributions of educational politics study to policy…

This essay considers how emotion regulation should be defined, the various components of the management of emotion, how emotion regulation strategies fit into the dynamics of social interaction, and how individual differences in emotion regulation should be conceptualized and measured. (MDM)

Discusses the question of whether nonhuman species, such as apes, possess rudimentary language, focusing on the ideas of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Noam Chomsky in regard to the development of oral language in young children and apes. (51 references) (MDM)

Provides a survey of the second language literature on the role of formulaic language, focusing on communicative, production, and learning strategy functions of such language. The need to address the theoretical and methodological difficulties surrounding the definition and identification of formulaic language is discussed. (105 references) (MDM)