Sixty urban and 57 rural elementary school classrooms were observed to document the effects of rural versus urban locale, grade level, and subject matter taught on instructional quality. Teachers' verbal behaviors were grouped into 16 process-by-substance categories. Results showed that all three main effects were significant. (Author/MV)

The focus here is on category observation instruments which typically record classroom behaviors in the form of tallies, checks, or other marks which code them into predefined categories and yield information about which behaviors occurred and how often they occurred during the period of observation. Discusses the essential properties of the…

Contemporary communication research suggests that students are non-communicative in the classroom because they perceive communication response/initiative channels to be blocked and many students lack basic speech skills that enhance effective, satisfying verbal response. Demonstrates how to circumvent these barriers and encourage instructors in…

Reviews current studies that emphasize teacher thinking processes. (Author/MLF)

The teacher survey, a measure of teacher reactions to a variety of pupil, parent, and class-management problems was developed and tested on 218 primary grade teachers. (Author)

Checklists detailing what a student teacher is expected to do when presenting a lesson have been developed by a consortium of health educators. (MM)

Using five readily available classroom observation systems, three 50-minute videotapes of classroom interaction were rated for each of twelve social studies teachers. Comparisons yielded 23 categories that measured similar behaviors across systems, approximately half of which satisfied all validity tests. Implications for process-product studies…

The authors present a field study aimed at determining whether or not statistically significant relationships exist between students' perceptions of selected behaviors of pre-algebra teachers and selected student performance and attitude variables. (MN)

Dimensions of student attitude toward teacher behavior at the college level were investigated via factor analysis. Six factors were extracted and examined with a second sample and compared to dimensions discussed in the literature. (JKS)

Studies of classes in which teachers used a science curriculum developed by the Australian Science Education Project are reported. (GW)

The hypothesis analyzed in this study is that grade "inflation" may be reflecting real increases in student achievement, demographic factors that may be related to grading, or institutional grading policies that permit grade point averages to rise even if grading standards remain unchanged. (Editor/LBH)

The spectrum of teaching styles is a continuum of seven models: command, task, reciprocal, individual (teacher-designed), guided discovery, problem solving, and individual program (student-designed). A progression through these styles increasingly promotes student responsibility in decisions regarding teacher-learner transactions. Major categories…

The construct of teacher clarity was investigated and defined in terms of observable teacher behaviors. (MM)

In this article three stages of the teaching process are examined: planning, interaction, and assessment. (JD)

Considers what teacher centers actually are, what they do, what they are supposed to do, and how they are formed. Discusses three types of centers, their organizational structure and function, and the theory underlying them. (Editor/RK)