This study explores two approaches to directly measuring the quality of instruction: teachers' assignments with student work and focused lesson observations. The technical quality and potential feasibility of these approaches for measuring instruction in large numbers of classrooms are compared within two different content areas (reading…

Given that previous findings on the social distribution of the effects of small classes have been mixed and inconclusive, in the present study I attempted to shed light on the mechanism through which small classes affect the achievement of low- and high-achieving students. I used data from a 4-year, large-scale, randomized experiment (project…

The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) underpins its extensive policy work with strong databases of comparable statistics and indicators with which it compares countries. In 2000, it extended its education database with its first collection of data on the performances of 15-year-olds in reading, mathematics and science…

Compared the ability of poor and good readers in the second grade to make same-different matches of visual, auditory, and visual-auditory stimuli. (JMB)

Research supported in part by the U.S. Office of Education, OEC-1-7-068881-0381.

The effect of the Feingold diet (elimination of artificial colors, flavors, or foods with natural salicylates to reduce hyperactivity) on the reading achievement scores, behavior, and impulsivity/reflectivity of 13 children (ages 6 to 12 years) was evaluated. Six months after the experimental group adopted the Feingold diet there were no…

TWENTY-SEVEN STUDIES ON INTERCLASS GROUPING AT THE ELEMENTARY LEVEL ARE SUMMARIZED. IT IS POINTED OUT THAT THE SUMMARY IS NEITHER EXHAUSTIVE NOR DELIBERATELY SLANTED. STUDIES POORLY DONE IN TERMS OF SAMPLE OR TREATMENT WERE NOT INCLUDED. THE STUDIES ARE GROUPED ACCORDING TO TWO QUESTIONS--(1) IS ACHIEVEMENT INCREASED BY GROUPING AND (2) ARE…

THE FINAL REPORT OF A STUDY INVOLVING CHILDREN DURING THE SUMMER AFTER FIRST GRADE IS PRESENTED. THE STUDY WAS DESIGNED FOR THESE PURPOSES--(1) TO DETERMINE THE READING LOSS OR GAIN OF FIRST-GRADE CHILDREN DURING THE SUMMER OF 1965 AND 1966, (2) TO DEVELOP AND PRESENT A SUMMER READING PROGRAM BY TELEVISION, AND (3) TO TEST THE NULL HYPOTHESIS THAT…

ERIKSON'S THEORY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HEALTHY PERSONALITY IS INTEGRATED WITH HOLMES' THEORY OF READING IN ORDER TO DERIVE A TESTABLE HYPOTHESIS REGARDING THE CONTRIBUTION OF SPECIFIED PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS TO READING SUCCESS AND TO VALIDATE THE FINDINGS. THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN THE FOLLOWING THREE PHASES--THE CONSTRUCTION OF NEW SCALES…

Erikson's theory on the development of a healthy personality is integrated with Holmes' Theory of Reading in order to derive a testable hypothesis regarding the contribution of specified personality characteristics to reading success and to validate the findings. The study was conducted in the following three phases--the construction of new scales…

This speaker contends that many learning problems can be prevented, or at least lessened, by early intervention. This knowledge is what moves her to act. She describes how, while tutoring bright but nonachieving children in reading, she realized that it was the opportunities she provided the children for visual-motor perceptual training that were…

The relationship between vision and reading achievement is complex. In this paper, a number of terms relating to vision are defined and some of the limitations of specific measures of vision are discussed. In order to relate vision to reading, it is necessary to segment arbitrarily the continuous process of vision into a series of subsystems, or…

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY TO READING ACHIEVEMENT WAS STUDIED BY APPLICATION OF "A BALANCE THEORY OF COORDINATION." INTERLOCKING SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED BY ADMINISTERING QUESTIONNAIRES AND INTERVIEWS TO A SAMPLE OF 4,402 PEOPLE, CONSISTING OF CHILDREN FROM 18 ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, THEIR PARENTS, THEIR NEIGHBORS, AND SCHOOL…