Arena models developed by T. Mazzoni relating to policy innovation are applied to the passage of open enrollment legislation in Ohio. The macro arena was relatively inactive, but a shift from the subsystem to the leadership arena occurred, partially validating Mazzoni's revised model. (SLD)

Despite a trend in successful endowment investment, college governing boards must carefully monitor the institution's endowment spending rate and not treat the endowment as a rainy-day fund. Shrinking endowments leave institutions financially vulnerable; administrators must be required to demonstrate how short-term excess draws on endowment will…

Primary oral health care, and the scope of services it includes, are defined. The proposed scope of services is a set of basic dental services used by the Indian Health Service. Policy recommendations for improving the integration of primary oral health services with primary health care and delivery are offered. (Author/MSE)

Performance standards are a powerful means to begin the process of systemic educational change. An educational culture must be created in which standards become the internalized goals of everyone in the system. Principles for developing internalized standards are discussed, along with appropriate government roles. (JDD)

An endowed chair that is not carefully conceived and fully funded can create problems for institutions of higher education. A well-thought-out policy should guide staff, faculty, and donors concerning level of positions available, minimum donations for each, and titles. Minimum funding figures should be based on predicted endowment income.…

The evolution of the opportunity-to-learn (OTL) concept from a research concept to a policy instrument is examined. The origins of OTL in studies by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement are described, and the role of OTL research in educational indicators is explored. (SLD)

A discussion of language policy formation and planning in Australia covers the following: the development of the national policy on languages, and the Australian Language and Literacy Policy and its four goals related to English language and literacy, languages other than English, aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, and…

A discussion of language policy formation and planning in New Zealand focuses on the need for a national languages policy and governmental human resource development planning. It includes "unplanned" language planning; the multilingual/multicultural situation, including Maori, Pacific Islands, other, international, and English languages;…

A discussion of language policy formation and planning in Hong Kong covers the following: language use, change, and shift (including Chinese dialects, written Chinese, Mandarin, and English); the legal system; educational developments. Reasons for the lack of language planning are noted. (Contains 111 references.) (LB)

Presents and discusses a model policy regarding faculty publishing in scientific and technical journals that was developed by the Triangle Research Library Network (North Carolina). Highlights include the current scholarly communication system, including incompatibility between the goals of academic researchers and the goals of publishers;…

Reciprocal mobility of students between technical and academic institutions of higher education in Australia is discussed, focusing on the implications of new mobility findings on policy formation, program articulation, and information dissemination. (MSE)

The author's optimistic view of evaluation in the future includes increased utilization, especially in the private sector; more professionalization, with potential for conflict; more academic program development; more use in policy; increase in the use of complex methods; and more involvement in program development. (SLD)

School leaders cannot afford to be bystanders in the campaign to rewrite telecommunications laws and regulations for building the National Information Superhighway. Proposes a coalition representing all public schools to demand recognition in the development of telecommunications policy. (MLF)

A model of roll call voting by House members on the Family and Medial Leave Act (FMLA) of 1990 was tested. Found that support for the FMLA was tied to a range of dispositional and contextual demand variables: conservatism, presidential support, etc. The model accurately predicted 90% of the votes. (RJM)

A sound investment policy for colleges and universities should address these factors: spending rate, return requirements, time horizon for evaluating fund performance, risk tolerance, asset allocation, delegation of responsibility, investment monitoring, and procedure for amending an investment plan. (MSE)