Discusses the use of the "Output Measures for Public Libraries" measurement method to compare public library performance based on a variety of statistics involving circulation, staffing, and library services. The need to consider the value that library services add to the community rather than relying on statistics alone is stressed.…

Relationships between pretraining skills, learning, and posttest performance were studied in spatial and verbal tasks for 84 preschool children. The measurement model that fit the data best maintained separate verbal and spatial domains. The best structural model included paths from pretest and learning assessments to posttest performance within…

A review of over 400 studies of student achievement demonstrates that there is not a strong or consistent relationship between student performance and school resources, at least after variations in family input are taken into account. Simple resource policies appear to offer little hope for improving student outcomes. (SLD)

Argues that it is worthwhile for motivational theorists to consider the implications of social perspective theories and to explore the motivational implications of nuances within these theories. Explores the motivational implications of sociocultural assumptions about knowing and learning, as they have been defined by situative cognitive…

Adaptive and challenging behavior changes associated with movement from Minnesota's state institutions to community homes were examined in 148 participants with mental retardation. Adaptive behavior declined among residents who moved to community programs but was unchanged for persons who moved to Home and Community Based Services Waiver-Funded…

Presents practices from post-training performance evaluation for continuous quality improvement in developing countries. Highlights include performance specification and analysis of performance factors; guidelines for planning follow-up performance evaluations; human performance models and cross-cultural portability; and an example from Togo, West…

Tested with adolescents and adults two predictions from Markovits and Barrouillet's developmental model of conditional reasoning related to the effects of the association between antecedent and consequent terms and the formulation of the minor premise on uncertainty responses. Found results consistent with hypotheses and indicating importance of…

Three studies explored whether children's tendency to extend object names on the basis of sameness of shape (shape bias) is specific to naming. Findings indicated that 2- and 3-year-olds showed shape bias both when asked to extend a novel name and when asked to select an object of the same kind as a target object; 3-year-olds also showed shape…

Five studies examined preschoolers' understanding of linguistic form class and pragmatic context in presence of a single exemplar or multiexemplars. Data indicated that by 2 years, children use linguistic form class, and by age 3, use pragmatic context. Young children have begun to understand the distinction between generic and nongeneric noun…

A retrospective exploratory analysis of data related to student mobility and literacy in one Canadian low-income, urban, elementary school found one-quarter of the student population changed over the course of an academic year. Transience rates tended to cluster in particular rooms. Mobility had little direct effect on student literacy. (Contains…

A study examined the effect of a read aloud testing accommodation on 260 middle school students with and without learning disabilities in reading. Students with learning disabilities in reading, as well as those without, exhibited statistically significant gains with the read aloud test administration. Interaction effects were not significant.…

A study used a computer game to examine behavioral momentum in 10 individuals (ages 7-20) with developmental disabilities. Different rates of reinforcement were programmed in two alternating components signaled by distinctive cues. Resistance to disruption by an alternate source of reinforcement was greater in the component with the higher…

This study examined factors influencing professional achievement of three newly married, gifted women recently graduated from college. Major findings include that participants attributed a significant part of their identities to their status as high achievers. Identify was also influenced by foundational influences, personality characteristics,…

Offers guidelines for selecting and using criteria to evaluate community college administrators, focusing on the accomplishment of job responsibilities and previously agreed upon objectives; performance as a manager; the methods used and results achieved; qualitative and quantitative measures; flexibility; and the weighting of criteria. (DMM)

Five articles on dance dynamics and dance science focus on incorporating dance science into techniques class and performance training, the role of body therapies in dance training, psychological and nutritional concerns in dance, and training dancers and preventing injuries. (JD)