Discusses principles developed at the 1994 NIT (International Conference on New Information Technology) in Alexandria (Virginia) that focused on the global information infrastructure. Topics include educating and training users, responsibilities and education of information professionals, the role of national agencies, public and private sector…

Focuses on how federal training funds have affected the directions of psychology and medicine. The significance for psychology's involvement in national health policy, particularly during this era of reform, is highlighted, as are those steps by the research, education, and practice communities within psychology, that are essential for…

The evaluation procedures and guidelines of the U.S. Agency for International Development that shape the involvement of managers and policymakers in developing countries that receive aid and the involvement of indigenous personnel are described, drawing on experiences of 177 evaluations in 50 countries. (SLD)

Trustees can set endowment spending policies to meet current spending needs and protect the future by understanding, forecasting, and managing potential risks and returns. Spending policy should be based on a combination of economic conditions and capital market characteristics related to the institution's investment portfolio. (Author/MSE)

A random telephone survey of 1,004 households in the Washington, DC, area found that alcohol use and alcohol-impaired driving, in particular, were seen as a serious problem by over 80% of the respondents. Strong support was found for legal sanctions against underage alcohol use. (SLD)

Discusses promising strategies for urban schools and the development of a broad-based national policy supporting education for work. The author also presents a conceptual framework to help guide curriculum integration, coordinate school- and work-based learning, and provide more continuous pathways from secondary to postsecondary opportunities.…

This paper categorizes and tabulates recommendations of 16 reports published since 1980 addressing ways to improve the management of federally sponsored academic research in the United States. The analysis found that most frequently reiterated recommendations have not been implemented, possibly because implementation often depends on consensus of…

A brief history of research involving humans is followed by discussion of the use of students in university research projects and institutional responsibility to students and the public. Institutions are encouraged to incorporate specific controls into research policies to avoid legal problems in the areas of contract theory, fiduciary…

Describes a British study of education and training for older adults. Briefly reviews older adults' participation in education and training, and identifies issues and obstacles. Defines a policy agenda, puts forth initial policy proposals, and discusses issues of quality and cost effectiveness. Refers to exemplary practices among employers and…

Discusses federal and state initiatives to enhance child care quality and child care teachers' compensation. These initiatives have resulted from the passage of the Child Care and Development Block Grant in 1990. (BB)

Examines telephone caller identification (caller-I.D.) and Automatic Number Identification (ANI) technology and discusses policy and privacy issues at the state and federal levels of government. A comparative analysis of state caller-I.D. adoption policies is presented, caller-I.D. blocking is discussed, costs are reported, and legal aspects of…

Explores several facets of science and technology from an Afrocentric perspective with a world view, normative assumptions, and frames of reference growing from experiences and folk wisdom of African Americans. African-American studies can illuminate ways in which science and technology have been subordinated to ideology. (SLD)

This article outlines six values that should form the basis of transdisciplinary team alliance in planning transition from school to integrated employment for students with severe disabilities. The values are organized into principles of shared responsibility, and recommendations are provided for their implementation. (JDD)

This discussion of higher education policy formation in Australia focuses on the changing role of the state governments. The nature of state involvement in policymaking in 1959-87 is chronicled, and the diminished role of the states in very recent years is examined. The need for state participation is supported. (MSE)

It is argued that annual reports required of Australian higher education institutions by the national affirmative action agency are inadequate to remedy the problem of employment discrimination. It is proposed that the problem is more complex, and more relevant information and detailed analysis is needed to make meaningful policy changes. (MSE)