Describes environmental modification, social work's response to the practical needs of clients, which emphasizes "doing for" clients and thus may encourage their dependence on the practitioner. Suggests that helping clients to develop their own skills to modify their environment can promote independence while meeting clients' tangible needs.…

A sample of married Pennsylvania women with rural backgrounds and a national probability sample of women with urban backgrounds are compared in order to examine the effects of rural residence on the socioeconomic attainment process. Findings indicate rural backgrounds are associated with deficits in human capital resources and socioeconomic…

Provides a comprehensive view of legislation, policies, programs, existing situations, and cases concerning race and sex equality, particularly as these relate to schools and education in the nation as a whole and in the individual States. (MJL)

Proceedings of the 67th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers which relate to admissions, evaluation of credentials, student financial aid, marketing and recruitment, and articulation agreements and practices are summarized. Names and institutions of conference participants are included. (MSE)

Undergraduate students were administered one of three conventional or one of three stratified adaptive vocabulary tests with or without knowledge of results. Results indicated that knowledge of results and test difficulty affected performance. (Author/JKS)

Subtle sexist attitudes are shown to permeate the school environment, including staffing, school groupings, teachers, and counseling. In-service training and efforts of parents, teachers, and other school personnel are suggested to alleviate sexist practices. A bibliography of nonsexist books, their publishers, and distributors of nonsexist…

Discusses the following bicultural determinants in children's learning processes: family structure, value of education, self-concept, assimilative anxiety, social adjustment, and language (verbal and nonverbal). Presents basic guidelines for teachers who work with Oriental and other minority children. (Author/GC)

The article examines the relationship between biological defects and educational aptitude and achievement. (Author/PHR)

Discusses two situations dealing with juvenile delinquency: (1) prejudicial attitudes stemming from racism and how they are reflected in the service delivery infrastructure, service accessibility and utilization, and the development of more appropriate intervention strategies; and (2) the elements of small groups and families in a community…

Traces the changes in educational philosophy and practices that occurred within England's civic universities. The original intent of the state supported public universities was to provide professional and technical training for the growing middle class. Discusses the reasons that the civics eventually adopted the curriculum of the elite private…

Maintains that the ways in which students react, absorb, and communicate new information are defined by their perception of the requirements and expectations of their surrounding situation. This information is particularly relevant in designing and implementing school-based drug prevention programs. Provides examples of various situational-based…

Observes the preponderance of heavily marketed drug prevention programs (Project DARE, QUEST Skills for Life) over the more effective psychosocial-based programs. Reviews the literature on determinants of diffusion and recent research on strategies to increase diffusion of these programs. Considers implications for policy and future research. (MJP)

Examines the increasing hazardousness of places as a consequence of natural disasters, technological failures, and chronic environmental degradation on a global scale. Describes the trends and impacts of environmental hazards, including their frequency, magnitude and damage on both a regional and international scale. (MJP)

Studied perceptions and attitudes of fathers and mothers about their own and their spouse's parental roles, and identified relationships between those perceptions and variations in fathers' actual involvement in child rearing. Found mothers' perceptions of their partners' investments in parent, spouse, and worker roles were best predictors of…

Reviews the theories of 18th-century social scientist Thomas Malthus regarding population and his predictions of massive worldwide famine. Maintains that countries with a tradition of private property rights can sustain a dense population and food supply. Examines the relationship between low birth rate and economic prosperity. (MJP)