The expression of children's concepts of sex-roles was explored by examining changes in the masculinity and femininity of human figure drawings of males and females. A total of 106 sixth-grade students participated in two Draw-a-Person sessions. In the drawing task, persons to be drawn were either specified in terms of gender or unspecified as to…

This paper examines the history of approaches to diagnosis in education and in medicine--a profession with concentrated attention to the conceptual and mathematical underpinnings of diagnosis. Presented is a comprehensive model of diagnostic testing in education and a summary of the results of four studies, one from each of four separate…

To investigate the influence of instructional behaviors and adult expectations on children's task performance, 48 boys either 5 to 6 or 8 to 9 years of age individually viewed instructional videotapes and participated in a delay of gratification task. In the first phase of the study, videotapes were produced in which instructors were told to…

This study directly tested the hypothesis that intrinsic motivation is conducive to creativity and extrinsic motivation is detrimental. Chosen because they identified themselves as actively involved in creative writing, 72 young adults participated in individual laboratory sessions where they were asked to write two brief poems. Before writing the…

The purposes of this study were to determine whether mathematically gifted boys and girls in secondary schools were significantly different in cognitive abilities and personality factors and to determine whether these cognitive abilities and personality factors were accurate predictors of mathematical achievement. Mathematically gifted boys (n=77)…

The behavior of mothers interacting with their preschoolers in a memory-relevant situation was examined. Ten 3-year-olds and their mothers were videotaped playing a game requiring memory for the location of hidden pictures. Frequency of nine categories of parental behavior was scored: naming, verbal orienting, physical orienting, physical…

Although the effectiveness of role play and its vicarious learning experiences for counselor training is well documented, little research has focused on the impact of the order of playing the roles on skill development. To investigate the effect of ordinal position, 36 beginning counseling students, 24 female and 12 male, with a median age of 30,…

Children prerated paired-associate nouns for likability and then learned them. The relationship between childrens' self concept and learning of affectively assessed verbal material was examined. Results indicate that learning along an affective dimension of meaningfulness can be influenced by personality-related variables such as self-concept.…

Suggests that not only can scholastic achievement be boosted to a significant degree, but that it can be boosted by those students whom most educators believe have the least chance for school improvement, namely, EOP students. (Author/AM)

Examines the effect of three different modes of task orientation on observational attainment in practical chemistry. Results include the overall performance on the chemistry observation test and an analysis of the influence of the complexity of observational tasks on observational attainment. (Author/GS)

Examines a teacher's felt responsibility and self rating in regards to their students' performance in mastering concept classification tasks. (DEP)

Discusses briefly some general problems in the development of taxonomic systems applicable to descriptions of human performance and tasks, describing some alternative approaches and provisional classification schemes, and reviewing some attempts to evaluate the utility and validity of these systems. (Author/JM)

The relationship between preschoolers' motivation and performance and observed paternal behavior is explored. (JMB)

An example is given of the use of task analysis and functional analysis to pinpoint the environmental cause of what appeared to be a perceptual handicap in an elementary grade girl. (DB)

This is a report on a study conducted at Knox College that investigated two factors involved in undergraduate political science performance: 1) usage of the discipline's fundamental skills, and 2) directed counseling and selected course offerings. (Author/ND)