Reasons for the failure to adopt behavior-analytic teaching strategies include the perception that behavior analysis is coercive and controlling, difficulties in implementation, university factors, and marketing problems. The goal of dissemination of these strategies could be met through creating motivational conditions and devising marketing…

Reasons tendered by a selected group of 31 professional philanthropic foundation staff for the limited use of evaluation of philanthropic grants are reviewed. Ways to increase evaluation use are reviewed. Formal, informal, internal, and external evaluations can be very valuable to a foundation. (SLD)

Explores the policy uses of assessment and focuses particularly on its persuasive role in encouraging higher levels of educational performance and on its accountability and regulatory functions. Policymakers continue to insist that assessments can be used for multiple purposes, in spite of past experience and expert evidence to the contrary. (SLD)

In the volume reviewed, papers from 15 international experts address how government can use evaluation to guide (or control) education while attempting to decentralize administrative structure and pedagogical content. Thoughtful analysis is provided in highly integrated coverage of theory and practice. (SLD)

In program evaluation and policy analyses, utility supplants rigor as the first and most important criterion in judging literature reviews. Although R. T. Ogawa and B. Malen emphasize rigor, a utilization-focused evaluation emphasizes purpose and audience, both of which affect the conduct of a multivocal literature review. (SLD)

Reviews of multivocal literature are assessments of what can be learned from a given body of literature and assessments of the claims on which that knowledge is based. Methodological rigor is less likely to be a problem in such reviews than is lack of independent judgment. (SLD)

Four forms of evaluation are outlined: (1) evaluation and development; (2) design evaluation; (3) process evaluation; and (4) summative evaluation. Each form is understood through five dimensions (orientation, state, focus, timing, and approach), which are illustrated through evaluation of a community services training program in Australia. (SLD)

The political context of evaluation is compared for the United States and developing countries, and a framework is proposed for discussing the political context of evaluation. Significant differences are the role that international donor agencies play in developing countries and the emphasis on stakeholder evaluation in the United States. (SLD)

Evaluation activities in China are examined, focusing on housing reform. How evaluation functions in justifying the political initiatives of the Chinese Communist Party is explored, and the possibility that evaluation research can become an academic field in China using Western methodology is discussed. (SLD)

Discusses the importance of systematically evaluating camp programs to provide the best possible experience to campers. Provides suggestions for evaluating staff, program, facilities, and administration in terms of objectives, outcomes, and standards. Discusses methods of evaluation and data collection. Stresses the significance of evaluation in…

Contextual changes in society in Finland, as elsewhere, have caused new demands for evaluation. This is particularly apparent in light of curriculum developments in compulsory education in Finland. The use of evaluations and the importance of planning evaluation for the benefit of the user are discussed. Professional, consumerist, and public…

Discusses methodological issues that emerged in evaluating a three-year paternal involvement demonstration project for poor inner-city noncustodial fathers. The dilemmas that arose from the contradictory goals of program evaluation and the need to meet federal and state waiver goals are discussed, and the tradeoffs needed to ensure a meaningful…

The benefits that accrued to 14 agriculturalists as they performed evaluators' roles on a team examining water quality demonstration projects were studied. Results suggest that collaboration between the agriculturalists and evaluators strengthened study recommendations and were personally and professionally rewarding to the participating…

In recognition of the reduction in the number of educational evaluators functioning in the nation's schools, it is argued that educational evaluation must be promoted because of its direct and personal benefit to the individuals who authorize such evaluations. An argument is presented to use with authorizers of evaluation studies. (Author/SLD)

Reviews issues and methods in the evaluation and assessment of families. Methods of categorizing and organizing family assessment information are presented. Discusses methodological issues. Reviews important family constructs identified through research for assessment. Evaluates various methods, self-reports, observations, and clinician ratings…