In an attempt to be advocates and change agents, far too many counselors have done more harm than good. The purpose of this article is to address the problem of advocacy by identifying and developing concrete principles that will enable the counselor to function effectively in the role of change agent. (Author)

Discusses Chicago's recent adoption of a new personnel system patterned closely after the Model Public Personnel Administration Law developed by the National Civil Service League (NCSL). Describes major provisions of NCSL's model law and relates the process used by NCSL to develop, evaluate, and encourage adoption of the model law. (JG)

Significant reduction of seizures in an 11-year-old girl was achieved through a contingency management program implemented by her classroom teacher. The program was designed to shift the focus from her actual seizures to her seizure-free time periods. Seizures diminished over the total treatment period. (Author)

The present study investigated effects of a token program for one child on the attending behavior of other children sitting near him. Results show the rewarded child's attending increased in the reinforcement conditions and the unrewarded children's attending increased when they were sitting on either side of the rewarded child. (Author)

The author presents these three ground rules for engaging in organizational conflict: (1) take the offensive; (2) take the cue for the second move from the opponent's defensive response; and (3) know when to execute a "strategic retreat." (HMV)

This article describes the results of the research relative to the initiation and diffusion process variables, and lists certain propositions which may be useful to practitioners, planning consultants and researchers. (Author/HB)

Describes how behavior management and a classroom guidance program were combined and implemented to help a fourth grade teacher gain control of her students in an inner-city school. (Author)

This article focuses on one systematic design model--Planned Instructional Emphasis--and the principal's function in its use. In addition, some leadership strategies for use when implementing an instructional design model are outlined. (Author)

The relationship of organizational development (OD) to college and university planning is explored and the practical use of OD interventions in administrative planning is described. Ethical issues related to implementation of a planning system and roles and strategies of administrative planners are also identified. (Author/LBH)

This paper explores some of the issues concerning the acceptance or rejection of positive program evaluation data by the system in which the program is embedded. System acceptance and diffusion rates are considered as functions of first- or second-order change factors. Several approaches are presented and discussed. (Author)

College curricula are designed for students who operate at Piaget's "formal operational" stage of mental development, a stage that the majority of college freshmen have not attained. Modification of curricula to promote development toward this stage would (1) increase student retention rates, (2) improve financial stability, and (3) promote equal…

Children are the most underrepresented and underserved group in American society in policy terms. This article addresses the reasons for this state of affairs and suggests measures to be taken to improve the situation. (Author/AM)

During the DRL procedure, reinforcement was made available for inappropriate language that was less than a prescribed limit for each day. Data indicated that reinforcing low rates of behavior may be an effective alternative to the use of aversive contingencies to reduce the misbehavior of such children. (Author)

A case study of a consultation is presented that illustrates how two theories concerning organizational change and systems analysis were applied to a small, informal organization. Systematic intervention with small, less structured groups is advocated. (Author)