AN EXPERIMENT WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF 2-WORD ASSOCIATIONS IN LEARNING TO READ THE SECOND WORD OF A 2-WORD CHAIN. ABOUT 45 FIRST AND SECOND GRADE STUDENTS WERE CHOSEN AS SUBJECTS AFTER PRETESTING TO INSURE THEY WERE ABLE TO READ THE FIRST (STIMULUS) WORD BUT NOT THE SECOND (RESPONSE) WORD OF EACH WORD PAIR USED IN THE STUDY. EIGHT…

Past inattention to teaching gifted students may in part be due to the problems of defining, identifying, and determining the characteristics of the gifted child. In this paper, gifted students may be defined as those whose reading achievement or reading potential is well above average. Standard measures of this achievement and potential coupled…

A study was conducted to determine the effect of the direct and systematic teaching of the nature, purpose, and language of instruction of reading on first grade children's knowledge of this information, on their attitudes toward reading, and on their reading achievement. Subjects were 60 first grade students randomly assigned to one of two…

Based on an examination of research on the language acquisition of children, the articles in this book are organized into three interrelated sections. Section one, "Language and the Young Language Learner," focuses on what and how children learn as they begin to acquire their language. The topic of language differences is also explored. Articles…

Since July 1970, Arizona has required that a standardized reading achievement test be administered annually to all third-grade pupils. Prior to test administration, data have been gathered on student traits, teacher background and teaching techniques, and characteristics of the school and the school district. Regression analyses were used to…

Although a recent study shows that school children in Denmark are acquiring initial reading proficiencies at a slower pace than in previous years, that there were more very good readers and more very poor readers in 1972-73 than in 1966, that the average reading performance was lower in 1972-73 than in 1966, and that children in 1972-73 read more…

A study was conducted to determine which of three major cue systems (linguistic, cognitive, or extralinguistic) 146 subjects at the kindergarten, first grade and second grade levels used to reconstruct meaning when confronted with a reading task. Cue system utilization was related to four factors: modality (listening versus reading), reading…

Of 21 studies on the effect that question placement had on reading comprehension, ten favored and eleven opposed the use of prequestions. A review of these studies suggests that the issue is not whether prequestions or postquestions produce greater gains in reading comprehension. What remains to be examined is the change in reading comprehension…

After reviewing the evidence that boys in American elementary schools are far more likely than girls to have serious reading problems, this report considers two lines of investigation into this discrepancy. The first line of investigation is based on the hypothesis that the predominance of female teachers in elementary schools is responsible for…

Several elementary schools that drew their students from low socioeconomic (SES) areas and which succeeded in teaching reading were studied to determine the main causes of their academic achievements. Interviews, analyses of test scores and work logs, classroom observation, and reviews of school memos indicated two primary causes of success:…

Highlights of a followup study involving 1,179 remedial reading students in Rhode Island, grades 2 and 4, were examined. Since the study focused on determining the effect of Title I programs beyond one school year, the sample included students who did and did not continue to receive Title I services. It was not possible to determine whether each…

THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY DEVELOPED A CRITICAL READING TEST AS PART OF THE 3-YEAR USOE PROJECT 2612 CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE WHETHER CRITICAL READING COULD BE TAUGHT TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. THE TEST AIMS TO MEASURE THE ANALYTIC AND EVALUATIVE ABILITIES OF CHILDREN IN REACTING CRITICALLY TO MATERIALS READ. CRITICAL READING SKILLS WERE…

TESTS SHOULD BE CAREFULLY EXAMINED IF TEACHING OBJECTIVES ARE TO MATCH TEST OBJECTIVES. TEACHERS SHOULD BECOME MORE PROFICIENT IN THE BROADER ASPECTS OF EVALUATING READING PERFORMANCE AND SHOULD EMPLOY A WIDER VARIETY OF EVALUATION TECHNIQUES. THE USE OF STANDARDIZED READING TESTS AS INDICATORS OF INSTRUCTIONAL READING LEVEL SHOULD BE ABANDONED.…

This research was done to determine whether formal kindergarten training in alphabet and number names would result in a higher reading level for children at the end of grade 1. As part of an earlier research project, two classes of primarily middle-class kindergarten children received 8 weeks of training in alphabet and number names. Two control…

A basic skills program designed for first- to sixth-grade students who were underachieving in reading or arithmetic was evaluated. The program was designed to raise the students' levels of achievement and to improve their attitudes toward learning. A staff development program designed to introduce teachers to new methods of teaching basic skills,…