In an experiment using graduate students, fear of success and fear of failure were highly related factors, but neither interacted with item difficulty to affect test performance. Neither fear of failure nor fear of success influenced males or females differently. (Author/GDC)

Seven formulas for scoring test items with two options (true-false or multiple choice with only two choices) were investigated. Several conditions, such as varying directions for guessing and whether testees had prior knowledge of the proportions of false items on the test were also investigated. (Author/JKS)

Three measures of field dependence were used to determine whether: (1) Mexican American students are more field dependent than Anglo Americans; (2) intercorrelations between the tests are significant and comparable for both cultures; and (3) field dependence significantly affects academic performance. These assumptions were generally not…

Some factors related to the reentry of adult females to post secondary education, as reported in recent literature, are reviewed. Barriers and opportunities in continuing education, current theories and research on career choice for women, and sex bias in counseling and interest inventories are discussed. (GDC)

Black undergraduate students (N=262) randomly assigned to three groups read premarked reading materials having both correct and extraneous markings. Results indicated that markings significantly affected reading comprehension. Recommendations for educators concerning correct and extraneous markings are made. (Author)

The author suggests the use of expectancy tables as a method for informing students about the predictability of their future performance. The expectancy table simply and directly reveals the relationship between measures of past performance and those of future performances. (Author)

The job performance of a national sample of 939 physician's assistants was assessed by both a self-rating scale and one completed by supervising physicians. Three quarters of the supervisors were greatly satisfied with their assistants. Amount of education and previous medical experience did not affect job performance. (Editor/LBH)

An experimental condition consisting of explicit timing of the students' five-minute composition period, self-scoring, and public posting of highest scores was introduced, removed, and reintroduced. The introduction of the experimental condition led to marked increase in the number of words written by all students. (Author)

Critically analyzes recent research studies that examine background variables, cognitive style, and psychological type as influences on performance in college-level computer science courses. Implications for matching curriculum and instructional strategies with student characteristics are presented, recommendations for further research are made,…

Asserts that achievement and cost measures of school districts' effectiveness are useful but insufficient performance critera. Focusing on British Columbia, Canada, this paper demonstrates a surprising negative relationship between cost and achievement and seeks a third element--school ethos or goodness--as a potential predictor of school…

Discusses the relationship between English language proficiency and academic success of English as a second language (ESL) students in universities and colleges where English is the language of instruction. The study points out difficulties associated with determining this relationship and makes suggestions for establishing guidelines to determine…

Explanations for the low school performance of minority children are critiqued. When these explanations are considered in light of social theory, it can be seen how the legitimacy of schools and teachers are factors in school success. A new, more culturally responsive pedagogy is necessary. (VM)

Presents a decision model for selecting interactive media formats to solve human performance problems in organizations. Training problems and motivational problems are discussed, change strategies and assessment of values and aptitudes are described, and case studies that apply the decision model are included. (LRW)

Description of study to determine the impact of management training on student performance focuses on the need for proper evaluation. Pre- and posttraining evaluative tools for rating managers are described, differences in ratings are analyzed, and implications for evaluating management training on interpersonal skills are discussed. (LRW)

This study compared the perceived teaching problems of 179 preservice elementary and secondary teachers with a review of 83 studies of the perceived teaching problems of beginning teachers. Findings and implications for teacher education are discussed. (Author/MT)