The relationship between expectancy and performance in a self-paced computer-assisted instruction (CAI) program is explored in this study. The hypotheses developed were that the subjects with high expectancy would perform better and require less instruction, set higher performance criteria for themselves, and have higher expectancy on a transfer…

Over a two-year period this study examined the relationship of two levels of supervision with both the job performance and weekly earnings of the hard-core unemployed (HCU). First- and second-level supervisors were measured on consideration, initiating structure, and social insight. After six months on the job the HCU's perceptions of their…

Based on introspection and interview techniques of occupational analysis, pedagogical performance requirements were identified for teacher-coordinators of cooperative education programs. Another specific objective of this phase of the project "Model Curricula for Vocational and Technical Teacher Education" was to determine which…

This study represents one phase of a broader research project designed to develop and test the Occupation Analysis Inventory (OAI). The specific objective of the present investigation was to systematically derive a comprehensive set of work dimensions that could be used in describing and classifying jobs for educational purposes. The OAI was…

This study represents one phase of a broader research project designed to develop and test the Occupation Analysis Inventory (OAI). The study is basically a replication of an earlier study which derived a set of work dimensions for classifying jobs for educational purposes. Using a new sample of 400 jobs, the present study is designed to determine…

Research was conducted to determine how well the Management Audit Survey (MAS), an evaluation system used in the U.S. Employment Service (ES), could predict various ES performance criteria. (The purpose of the system is to give all levels of management an analysis and review of management procedures and of certain organizational climate…

A review of the literature on cooperative, competitive, and independent reward structures and performance is presented, and conclusions are drawn which reformulate current beliefs about the interaction between reward structure and task structure. A brief theory of reward structure and performance is described, and conditions under which…

This paper describes recent research on causal attribution (ways people construe the events in their lives) and how knowledge of this psychological phenomena can be used to aid students in developing attributional processes that will enhance motivational factors and have positive effects on academic achievement. Four specific suggestions are made…

Stability of performance on a criterion referenced reading test was examined for 413 students in grades one through six. The test, which measures 367 behavioral reading objectives, was administered twice to each student, with an interval of at least three weeks between the first and second administrations. Three statistical indices of permanence…

Trotman's study (EJ 168 902) correlating child rearing in Black and White samples to children's achievement and intelligence is criticized. Trotman made several erroneous conclusions, and did not add important information about the nature nurture controversy as it applies to racial differences in intelligence. (Author/BH)

College students' learning from programed materials varying in redundancy and difficulty level was investigated. Subjects with high achievement needs and low fear of failure performed better as the instructional difficulty increased. The group with high cognitive ability also performed better than the low scores when the instruction was more…

The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS) was administered to college psychology and mathematics students. Scores were higher for psychology students than for mathematics students; were useful predictors of both worry and emotionality; and were inversely related to performance for psychology students. Worry and performance were inversely…

This study investigated the differential performance of subjects across cultures (U.S. and Ireland); grade levels (grades 2, 3, and 4); and three test formats (multiple-choice-cloze, maze, and cloze). Recognition test formats produced higher scores than the cloze format. Cultural influences were also reported. (Author/GDC)

Individualizing any educational program poses the problems of investigating the effects of different environments on different persons and developing appropriate strategies for matching environment to individual learners to enable them to perform to the fullest of their abilities. (JD)

Programmed textbooks were used to condition verbal repetoires relevant to motivation, test anxiety, and test wiseness in 118 sixth grade students. There was a significant effect on raw scores on an IQ post test. Students of lower intelligence made greater raw score gains than students with a higher IQ. (Author/GDC)