Cites personal experience and research which supports peer group work in spelling, noting this method provides an opportunity to create linkages between reading, writing, and spelling instruction. Suggests strategies for implementing an individualized spelling program. (NH)

Diet histories of clients entering a drug/alcohol treatment facility showed need for improved eating habits. At least 50% had customarily low intakes of several nutrients plus calories. Nutritional adequacy improved during treatment, as did caloric excesses. Clients needed nutrition education. (Author/NB)

The new higher standards required of entering collegiate athletes will not immediately create change in the performance and attitudes of student athletes. Academic performance of student athletes can be enhanced through the development of a comprehensive program fusing the relationship between athletics and academics. (MD)

Vocational assessment instruments currently in use are often threatening or frustrating to older adults. Instruments that account for the physical, emotional, and occupational needs of this population are necessary. (CH)

This essay reviews the universal physical, sociocultural, and metapsychologic needs of human beings as manifested in adolescents, the circumstances that interfere with the satisfaction of their needs, diagnosis of the resulting clinical aberrations, and the ethnic, sociocultural, and other vectors that influence seven vectors of effective therapy.…

Traces the historical development of counseling gifted and talented students. Documents and discusses work growing out of these efforts. Emphasizes recent major contributors, counseling programs, ideas, and trends. Summarizes a number of contemporary issues and identifies counseling needs of gifted students and the importance of additional…

Gifted adolescents from minority groups face the same issues all gifted young people face, but the addition of racial and cultural factors increases the complexity of these issues. Discusses individual versus cultural pressures that affect identity, issues related to assisting students with long-range planning, and two models for programming.…

Discusses the characteristics of adult learners, their needs and problems, the ways in which counseling can assist them, and the counseling skills that can encourage the growth and development of the adult learner. (Author/BL)

The authors examine views that mild mentally retarded students in many cases are receiving instruction which is not relevant to their needs. An ecosystem approach, which examines the needs of individuals from a perspective of probable functioning environments, is called for. (Author/MT)

Disadvantaged women (pregnant teenagers, teenaged parents, single parents, displaced homemakers) need support services (child care, transportation, counseling in self-esteem, career guidance) as well as employment training to gain marketable skills that lead to a good job and economic independence. (CT)

Offers proposed definitions of "frail elderly" and "range of institutional care", and argues that an active problem-solving, treatment-oriented approach can reduce unnecessary institutionalization and that the movement to deinstitutionalize the elderly can learn from the history of the deinstitutionalization of other groups.…

Interviewed 38 mothers to determine the relationship between network characteristics and social support, and changes in both following divorce. Results indicated that characteristics associated with the support a mother receives may differ from the characteristics associated with how satisfied she feels with her network. With time, social networks…

Teacher stress and job dissatisfaction stem from societal, institutional, and personal factors. Each of these factors is discussed to help educators cope with the problems they face. (DF)

A needs assessment program can help recreation managers recognize new and changing leisure interests and needs of the people they serve. This article reviews strategies that military services use in needs assessment programs. Issues encountered when conducting an assessment are discussed. (DF)

Reports on the associations between personality factors and spouse mental health, happiness, and communication. Lower Affiliative Drive and higher Sensitivity to Rejection emerge as being associated in wives with increased psychological morbidity. Wives had higher levels of both Need for Affiliation and Sensitivity to Rejection than husbands,…