Discussed are several studies that have examined the effect of sex differences on learning to read. Various findings have suggested 1) sex differences in anxiety manifest themselves early in children's academic careers; 2) girls tended to perform better on readiness measures; 3) boys scored significantly higher on a criterion test administered…

This book emphasizes specific and practical methods a teacher can use to fuse reading and content. Specific ideas and techniques are presented to show how instruction in the reading skills can be incorporated into almost all subject areas. The first chapter develops a rationale with a philosophical base. Next, techniques of diagnosis are discussed…

In the Learning Research and Development Center (LRDC) Beginning Reading Program, vowels are color-coded so that different spellings, representing a single vowel sound, maintain some feature in common. Such color-coding imposes a structure which effectively reduces the uncertainty in associating visually different stimuli with a similar oral…

The hypothesis that disparities in children's associative responses are due to differences in verbal achievement was tested. Also tested was the assumption that for black inner-city children, conventionality in associative responding is accomplished at the expense of increasing verbal repertories and elaborating the meaning of words of varying…

To develop a practical method of individualizing basal reading materials and to test possible effects upon pupils' achievement and awareness of the locus control of their learning when this method is employed, a fourth grade class received directive helpful teacher responses to their requests for assistance with workbook exercises. A tally of…

Since many summer reading programs emphasize mechanical reading skills, it was felt that a less orthodox approach to summer reading instruction would yield more information on their relative effect on achievement. The experimenter avoided the usual emphasis on the development of a sequence of skills by devising a program of individualized, high…

An assessment of reading performance of a representative sample of students aged nine, thirteen, and seventeen years was conducted in Connecticut Public Schools to discover the percentage of students who could perform specific reading skills appropriate to their age and experience. Comparisons were made in the following categories: with national…

This study investigated whether there was a significant difference in the mean achievement scores of second and third grade remedial reading pupils taught by two different programs. The approaches used were (1) a basal reader program in both regular and remedial reading classes and (2) a basal reader program in the regular classroom supplemented…

Described is the EDL "Learning 100" adult-oriented communication skills program used in the Wyandanch community of New York's Suffolk County. Using one full-time reading specialist and two full-time aides, the program divided 100 disadvantaged, minority group junior high school students into 16 sections, each meeting for different…

During 1970 and 1971, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) conducted its first assessment of reading, measuring the achievement of specific reading objectives by individuals aged 9, 13, 17, and 26-35. In 1974, the Right to Read Effort directed that a Mini-Assessment of Functional Literacy (MAFL) be conducted to determine basic…

The usefulness of miscue analysis as a teaching organizer for diagnostic and evaluative remedial reading instruction was investigated in a sample of 28 black high school students. The students were divided into a control group of 14 pupils and two experimental groups of seven students each: an intensive class needing individual instruction and an…

The effects of a prescribed, sequential program of reading and mathematics readiness activities were investigated in an experimental study of 229 middle-class kindergarten children. Eight of 16 kindergarten classes received the experimental treatment for six months; the other eight served as a control group. Readiness tests were given before and…

A stratified random sample of 70 pupils was selected from 261 children from three elementary schools, who had completed one year of formal reading instruction. To investigate whether visual discrimination or visual-motor development was more closely related to reading achievement, tests of reading achievement, intelligence, visual-motor abilities,…

The relationship between level of cognitive functioning at the beginning of first grade and level of reading achievement at the end of first grade was investigated in a sample of 325 children. The EITS Concept Assessment Kit-Conservation was used to classify the children as being in the preconceptual stage, the intuitive stage, or the concrete…

The effect of individual teacher-student conferences on reading achievement, attitude toward reading, and amount of reading was investigated in separate samples of third and fourth graders, none of whom had previously had such teacher-student conferences. Results indicated significant differences between experimental and control groups at the…